;
                         -- DU3 --

                    GENERAL INFORMATION
         1 - 
Invoking DU3 and DU3 Installation
         2 - 
DU3 Command Summary
         3 - 
The DU3 Editor
         4 - 
Examples of Command Use
         µ - 
Interpretinç thå DU³ Directorù Display

                      COMMAND DETAILS
      A - 
Logging Disks and Examining Disk Parameters
      B - 
Positioning and Reading Data
      C - 
Searching for Data
      D - 
Saving and Restoring Data
      E - 
Viewing Data
      F - 
Altering Data
      G - 
Manipulating Macros and the @ Command
      H - 
Miscellanea
:1

     DU³ ió invokeä bù á commanä linå oæ thå followinç form:

                         DU3 <text>

wherå <text¾ ió anù valiä DU³ commanä sequence® Iæ thå firsô �
twï   characteró   oæ  <text¾   arå   '/?'¬   thå   built-iî �
documentatioî  ió displayeä anä thå useò ió returneä tï  thå �
OpSys¬ aó peò thå TOOLSEÔ Convention.

  Examples:

   DU3 /?
     -- Displaù Built-iî Documentation

   DU3 lb,g0,e
     -- Executå  commandó tï Loç iî Drivå B¬  gotï Grouð  0¬ �
anä enteò editoò aô thå firsô Blocë oæ Grouð 0


     DU³  ió  designeä  tï bå installeä witè  á  minimuí  oæ �
trouble®  Iî  fact¬  iî almosô alì cases¬  nï changeó tï thå �
sourcå  filå shoulä bå necessarù tï geô DU³ uð anä  running® �
Thió ió becauså DU³ useó thå disë parameteò blocë oæ CP/Í tï �
determinå thå char-acteristicó oæ thå disë environment.

     DU³ ió installeä bù runninç thå ZCPR³ utilitù Z3INÓ  oî �
it®   Alì DU³ needó tï perforí itó functionó ió á pointeò tï �
thå  ZCPR³  Environmenô Descriptor®   DU³ ió assembleä  witè �
VLIB¬ Z3LIB¬ anä SYSLIB3.

     DU3 ió intendeä foò uså oî á ZCPR3 system®

     Thió HLÐ filå describeó DU³ iî somå detail®  Thå screeî �
displayó  includeä  arå  verù closå  tï  thå  actuaì  screeî �
displayó thå useò wilì seå oî hió terminaì wheî hå runó DU3®  �
Thå differenceó wilì bå cosmetiã iî nature.

:2

                      COMMAND SUMMARY

     Á  commanä  linå maù consisô oæ onlù onå commanä  oò  á �
serieó oæ commandó separateä bù commas®  Iî thå latteò form¬ �
thå commandó arå executeä sequentially®  Thå onlù exceptionó �
tï  thió  rulå  arå  thå :ntexô commanä  (whicè  storeó  thå �
commanä  linå  awaù aó á macro© anä thå *nî  commanä  (whicè �
repeató thå commanä line).

     Commandó showî iî thå followinç screenó arå iî ordeò oæ �
frequency of use as shown by experience.

                     ---- Editing ----
E    
Invoke Editor
                   ---- Positioning ----
Tn   
Position to Track n (dec)     Sn   
Position to Sec n
Gn   
Position to Group n (hex)     G    
Show position
+n   
Advance to Next Sector        -n   
Back up to Last Sec

                    ---- Displaying ----
An-n 
ASCII Dump                    Hn-n 
Hex Dump
Dn-n 
ASCII and Hex Dump            Vn   
View n Blocks
M    
Display Disk Map              Mn   
Display File in Group n

                ---- Data Modification ----
CAn text  
Enter Text               CAn1-n2 char  
Enter Char over Range
CHn vals  
Enter Binary Values      CHn1-n2 val   
Enter Value over Range

                 ---- Disk Read/Write ----
R    
Read Current Block            W    
Write Current Block

                   ---- Exiting DU3 ----
X    
Exit to ZCPR3                 ^C   
Exit to ZCPR3

                        ---- Macros ----
 n    
Exec Macro (0<=n<=9)          :nt  
Define Macro n w/str t
 :Pn  
Print Macro n                 :PA  
Print All Macros
 :P@  
Print Prev Command

               ---- Block/Group Queueing ----
 <    
Save Current Block in Temp    >    
Get Saved Block
 <B   
Save Current Block on Queue   >B   
Get Block from Queue
 <G   
Save Current Group on Queue   >G   
Get Current Group
 <Gn  
Save Group N on Queue         >Gn  
Get Group N

                  ---- Queue Control ----
 Q    
Print Queue Statistics        QZ   
Zero (Empty) Queue
 QSfile    
Save Queue as File


                  ---- Data Searching ----
Ff   
Find File f                   =string   
Search for String
Un   
Set User Area for Find

                 ---- Login/Disk Reset ----
Ld   
Log in Disk                   N         
New Disk Reset

                  ---- Printer Output ----
P    
Toggle Printer

               ---- Command Manipulation ----
@    
Exec Prev Command             *nn  
Repeat Command Line

                 ---- Statistics/Help ----
#    
Display Disk Stats            ?    
Display Help Info

                    ---- Halt/Sleep ----
!    
Halt and Wait for User        Zn   
Sleep n Seconds

:A

     Thå followinç commandó arå discusseä iî thió sectioî oæ �
thå HELÐ file:

          L -- Log in Disk
          N -- New Disk (Reset Disk System)
          M -- Map Disk Directory
          U -- Select User Number
          # -- Print Disk and Queue Statistics



                              L[d]

     Thå simplå "L¢ commanä re-logó iî thå currenô disk® Thå �
useò maù pulì ouô á disk¬  puô iî á new¬ anä "L¢ jusô tï loç �
iô in®  Thå forí "Ld"¬ wherå ä ió á valiä drivå letteò (likå �
"LB")¬ ió useä tï loç iî á specifiã disë anä permiô thå useò �
tï worë oî thaô particulaò disë froí thió timå foreword.

     Example (actual DU3 session):

DU3  B1? l

DU3  B1? la

DU3  A1? lb


                                N

     Thió  telló DU³ thaô thå useò jusô puô iî á  ne÷  disk® �
Foò   thoså  BIOÓ  implementationó  thaô  neeä  tï  bå  tolä �
specificallù (Reset© thaô á disë changå haó beeî  made¬  uså �
thió  commanä  everù  timå á disë ió changeä  whilå  DU³  ió �
running.

     Example:

DU3  B1? n

     Noteº   Therå waó á significanô delaù beforå thå prompô �
returned®  Á completå disë systeí reseô tooë place.



                              M[n]

     Dumpó  á  mað oæ thå grouð allocationó  foò  files®  Mî �
showó whicè filå ió allocateä tï grouð "n".

     Example (actual DU3 session, edited):

DU3  B1? m
0010-0010  07 STD     .MSG 00 : 0011-0011  07 TALK    .SUM 00 
0012-0012  07 Z2CON   .WSH 00 : 0013-0013  00 LDIR    .C   00 
0014-0014  00 COMMAND .LBR 01 : 0015-0015  00 LDIR    .C   00 
     < Detail Left Out >
004B-004B  08 MASTER  .CAT 03 : 004C-0050  00 COMMAND .LBR 05 
0051-0051  00 COMMAND .LBR 07 : 0052-0052  00 UNERA15 .COM 00 
0053-0053  08 MENU    .CPR 00 : 0054-0057  00 COMMAND .LBR 07 
Type Any Character to Continue or ^C to Abort - 
DU3  B1? m54
0054-0057  00 COMMAND .LBR 07 : 
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

     The entries are divided as follows:

0010-0010  07 STD     .MSG 00 : 0011-0011  07 TALK    .SUM 00 
  ^        ^    ^          ^
  |        |    Filename   Extent
  |        User Number
  Group Range

                               Uu

     Logó useò 'u§ foò nexô Æ (Finä File© command.
�
     Example (actual DU3 session):

DU3  B1? u7

DU3  B7? u1


                                #

     Prints the disk parameters:

. Current Disk Drive          . Number of Tracks on Disk
. Size of Group in Blocks     . Number of Sectors Per Track
. Number of Groups on Disk    . Number of Directory Entries
. Number of System Tracks

     Prints the queue statistics:

. Size of Queue               . Space Available

:B

     Thå followinç commandó arå discusseä iî thió sectioî oæ �
thå HELÐ file:

          G -- Position to Group
          S -- Position to Sector
          T -- Position to Track
          R -- Read Block
          W -- Write Block
          + -- Advance to Next Logical Sector
          - -- Backup to Last Logical Sector



                              G[nn]

     Positioî  tï grouð nî anä reaä block®   Iæ thå forí  ió �
simplù "G"¬ sho÷ thå currenô position.

     Example (actual DU3 session):

DU3  B1? g0
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

DU3  B1? g4
Group = 0004:00, Track = 122, Sector = 129, Physical Sector = 129

DU3  B1? g
Group = 0004:00, Track = 122, Sector = 129, Physical Sector = 129

DU3  B1? g0
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1


                           Tnn and Snn

     "Tnn¢  doeó  á  seeë tï tracë nî buô doeó  noô  reaä  á �
block®   "Snn¢  positionó tï sectoò nî oî thå currenô  tracë �
anä readó thå blocë there®  Examplå (actuaì DU³ session):

DU3  B1? t124
Group = 0015:00, Track = 124, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

DU3  B1? s24
Group = 0015:17, Track = 124, Sector = 24, Physical Sector = 24


                             R and W

     Ò  readó thå blocë currentlù positioneä tï intï memory® �
Notå Ò (Read© ió impliciô iî thå G¬  +¬  anä - commands¬ buô �
NOÔ iî thå Ó anä Ô commands.

     × writeó bacë thå currenô blocë (NOTEº  maù noô bå useä �
afteò aî Æ command¬ aó CP/Í waó useä tï finä thå filå iî thå �
directory).

     Examples:

DU3  B1? r

DU3  B1? w


                         +[nn] and -[nn]

     "+¢ advanceó ± sectoò (iæ belo÷ tracë 2¬  thió advanceó �
tï nexô numericaì sectoò anä iæ ² oò more¬ advanceó baseä oî �
thå system'ó sectoò skewinç algorithm¬  i.e®  sï « wilì  geô �
thå  nexô  logicaì sectoò oæ thå file)®   "-¢ backupó  uð  ± �
sectoò iî thå samå sense.

     Notå « anä - maù takå aî amountº foò example¬ +1µ stepó �
iî  1µ  sectors®  Notå  alsï thaô "-¢ issueä  aô  thå  firsô �
logicaì  sectoò  oæ thå disë wilì wrað bacë tï thå lasô  anä �
"+¢ issueä aô lasô sectoò wilì wrað forwarä tï thå first.

     Examples (actual DU3 session):

DU3  B1? g0
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

DU3  B1? d
00  07535444 20202020  204D5347 00000002  |.STD     MSG....|
10  10000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  |................|
20  004C4449 52202020  20432020 00000038  |.LDIR    C  ...8|
30  13001500 00000000  00000000 00000000  |................|
40  0843504D 55472020  20434154 01000046  |.CPMUG   CAT...F|
50  1C001E00 38003D00  41004300 45000000  |....8.=.A.C.E...|
60  00434F4D 4D414E44  204C4252 01000080  |.COMMAND LBR....|
70  14001600 17001800  19001A00 1B001D00  |................|

DU3  B1? +d
Group = 0000:01, Track = 122, Sector = 2, Physical Sector = 2
00  0754414C 4B202020  2053554D 00000049  |.TALK    SUM...I|
10  11002300 24000000  00000000 00000000  |..#.$...........|
20  00554E45 52413135  2041534D 00000060  |.UNERA15 ASM...`|
30  3E003F00 40000000  00000000 00000000  |>.?.@...........|
40  075A3249 4E532020  20575348 0000002A  |.Z2INS   WSH...*|
50  21002500 00000000  00000000 00000000  |!.%.............|
60  075A3243 4F4E2020  20575348 0000003F  |.Z2CON   WSH...?|
70  12002200 00000000  00000000 00000000  |..".............|

DU3  B1? +d
Group = 0000:02, Track = 122, Sector = 3, Physical Sector = 3
00  07445532 20202020  2042414B 00000057  |.DU3     BAK...W|
10  26002800 29000000  00000000 00000000  |&.(.)...........|
20  04535441 52545550  20C3CF4D 0000001E  |.STARTUP COM....|
30  27000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  |'...............|
40  00434F4D 4D414E44  204C4252 03000080  |.COMMAND LBR....|
50  1F002000 30003100  32003300 34003500  |.. .0.1.2.3.4.5.|
60  00434F4D 4D414E44  204C4252 05000080  |.COMMAND LBR....|
70  36003700 39004C00  4D004E00 4F005000  |6.7.9.L.M.N.O.P.|

DU3  B1? +2
Group = 0000:04, Track = 122, Sector = 5, Physical Sector = 5


DU3  B1? d
00  084D4153 54455220  20434154 01000080  |.MASTER  CAT....|
10  2D002F00 3A003B00  3C004200 44004600  |-./.:.;.<.B.D.F.|
20  00464958 54455820  2041534D 0100001E  |.FIXTEX  ASM....|
30  65006600 69006B00  6C000000 00000000  |e.f.i.k.l.......|
40  00554E45 52413135  20434F4D 00000007  |.UNERA15 COM....|
50  52000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  |R...............|
60  084D454E 55202020  20C35052 00000008  |.MENU    CPR....|
70  53000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  |S...............|

DU3  B1? -3d
Group = 0000:01, Track = 122, Sector = 2, Physical Sector = 2
00  0754414C 4B202020  2053554D 00000049  |.TALK    SUM...I|
10  11002300 24000000  00000000 00000000  |..#.$...........|
20  00554E45 52413135  2041534D 00000060  |.UNERA15 ASM...`|
30  3E003F00 40000000  00000000 00000000  |>.?.@...........|
40  075A3249 4E532020  20575348 0000002A  |.Z2INS   WSH...||
50  21002500 00000000  00000000 00000000  |!.%.............|
60  075A3243 4F4E2020  20575348 0000003F  |.Z2CON   WSH...?|
70  12002200 00000000  00000000 00000000  |..".............|
:C

     The commands for searching for data on the disk are:

       Ffilename.typ  -- find all dir entries for file

       =string        -- find next occurrance of string



                       Ffilename.typ

     Prinô directorù foò filå "filename.typ"®   Thió commanä �
presentó  thå  directorù  entrieó foò  alì  extentó  oæ  thå �
indicateä  file®   Seå thå sectioî oî "Interpretinç thå  DU³ �
Directorù   Display¢  foò  infï  oî  ho÷  tï  interpreô  thå �
informatioî presented.

     Example (actual DU3 session):

DU3  B1? fz80.mac
40  015A3830 20202020  204D4143 0000000E  |.Z80     MAC....|
50  9A000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  |................|
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

DU3  B1? ftest.txt
++ File Not Found ++
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1


                             =string

     Thió commanä performó á searcè foò thå indicateä  ASCIÉ �
text¬  startinç aô currenô sector® <xx¾ heø maù bå imbedded¬ �
oò  useä aloneº   Tï finä "IÎ 0FEH"º  =<db><fe>®   Biô ·  ió �
ignoreä unlesó <xx¾ ió used®   Notå that¬ duå tï thå parsinç �
schemå oæ DU3¬  formó sucè aó "+=string"¬ whicè positionó tï �
thå  nexô  sectoò anä theî startó thå search¬  arå  allowed®  �
Formó  likå "+2=string¢ arå equallù permitted®   Thå  searcè �
maù bå aborteä bù á ^C®  Example:

DU3  B1? g0
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

DU3  B1? =DU3
= at 24
Group = 0000:0E, Track = 122, Sector = 15, Physical Sector = 15


DU3  B1? d
00  07533130 30202020  20545854 0000000C  |.S100    TXT....|
10  0C010000 00000000  00000000 00000000  |................|
20  07445532 20202020  2042414B 00000068  |.DU3     BAK...h|
30  2A006100 6D007800  00000000 00000000  ||.a.m.x.........|
40  015A3830 20202020  204D4143 0000000E  |.Z80     MAC....|
50  9A000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  |................|
60  E5444953 4B4F5554  20434F4E 00000020  |eDISKOUT CON... |
70  60000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  |`...............|

DU3  B1? +=DU3
Group = 0000:0F, Track = 122, Sector = 16, Physical Sector = 16
= at 64
Group = 0000:10, Track = 122, Sector = 17, Physical Sector = 17


DU3  B1? d
00  075A3243 4F4E2020  20575320 05000080  |.Z2CON   WS ....|
10  3D013E01 3F014001  41014201 43014401  |=.>.?.@.A.B.C.D.|
20  075A3243 4F4E2020  20575320 06000077  |.Z2CON   WS ...w|
30  45014601 47014801  00000000 00000000  |E.F.G.H.........|
40  E5444953 4B4F5554  20434F4E 00000020  |eDISKOUT CON... |
50  97000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  |................|
60  07445532 20202020  20484C50 01000006  |.DU3     HLP....|
70  98009900 9B009C00  9D000000 00000000  |................|


DU3  B1? +=DU3,d
Group = 0000:11, Track = 122, Sector = 18, Physical Sector = 18
= at 24
Group = 0000:11, Track = 122, Sector = 18, Physical Sector = 18
00  E547454E 494E5320  204D4143 01000080  |eGENINS  MAC....|
10  D700EF00 F000F400  F500F600 F700F800  |W.o.p.t.u.v.w.x.|
20  E5445532 20202020  2041534D 01000080  |eDU3     ASM....|
30  EC00ED00 EE00FA00  07010B01 0E011301  |l.m.n.z.........|
40  04445532 20202020  20C3CF4D 0000004E  |.DU3     COM...N|
50  F100F200 F3000000  00000000 00000000  |q.r.s...........|
60  E547454E 494E5320  204D4143 02000039  |eGENINS  MAC...9|
70  F9000F01 00000000  00000000 00000000  |y...............|

:D

     Thå followinç commandó arå discusseä iî thió sectioî oæ �
thå HELÐ file:

          <  -- Save Current Block
          >  -- Restore Saved Block
          <B -- Save Current Block at Tail of Queue
          >B -- Load Current Block from Head of Queue
          <G -- Read and Save Group at Tail of Queue
          >G -- Copy Group from Head of Queue and Write
          Q  -- Print Queue Statistics
          QZ -- Zero (Clear) Queue
          QS -- Save Queue as a File
  


                             < and >

     "<¢  saveó  currenô blocë iî aî internaì  savå  buffer®  �
">¢  copieó thå internaì savå buffeò intï thå currenô  blocë �
areá (buô doeó NOÔ writå iô ouô tï disk).

                            <B and >B

     "<B¢  saveó thå currenô blocë ontï thå taiì oæ thå  DU³ �
Queue®   Thió  Queue¬  á  FIFÏ  (Firsô  In-Firsô  Out©  datá �
structure¬  caî  bå useä tï collecô á numbeò oæ  blockó  foò �
lateò copù tï á disë filå oò expliciô placemenô somewherå oî �
thå  disk®   ">B¢ extractó thå blocë aô thå heaä oæ thå  DU³ �
Queuå anä placeó iô intï thå workinç buffeò area.

                        <G[nn] and >G[nn]

     "<G¢  readó thå currenô grouð anä saveó iô oî  taiì  oæ �
thå  DU³  Queue®   Thå sizå oæ á grouð ió dependenô  oî  thå �
formaô  oæ  thå disk¬  anä DU³ automaticallù adjustó tï  thå �
propeò  grouð  sizå withouô thå useò havinç tï  worrù  abouô �
whaô  iô is®   ">G¢ copieó thå grouð aô thå heaä oæ thå  DU³ �
Queuå  ontï  disk®   Iæ  nî ió specifieä (aó  iî  "<Gnn¢  oò �
">Gnn")¬  theî  thå indicateä grouð ió reaä froí oò  writteî �
to®   Iæ  nî  ió  noô given¬  theî thå  grouð  thå  useò  ió �
currentlù positioneä tï ió affected.

                        Q, QZ, and QSfile

     Ñ reportó thå statuó oæ thå DU³ Queue¬  namelù ho÷ manù �
blockó  arå  storeä iî iô anä ho÷ mucè  spacå  remains®   QÚ �
zeroeó  (clears© thå DU³ Queue®   "QSfilename.typ¢ saveó thå �
DU³ Queuå oî disë iî thå currenô useò areá aó thå  indicateä �
file.
     Examples (actual DU3 session):

DU3  B1? g0
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

DU3  B1? d
00  07535444 20202020  204D5347 00000002  |.STD     MSG....|
10  10000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  |................|
20  004C4449 52202020  20432020 00000038  |.LDIR    C  ...8|
30  13001500 00000000  00000000 00000000  |................|
40  0843504D 55472020  20434154 01000046  |.CPMUG   CAT...F|
50  1C001E00 38003D00  41004300 45000000  |....8.=.A.C.E...|
60  00434F4D 4D414E44  204C4252 01000080  |.COMMAND LBR....|
70  14001600 17001800  19001A00 1B001D00  |................|

DU3  B1? <

DU3  B1? ch0-7f e5

DU3  B1? d
00  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  |eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee|
10  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  |eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee|
20  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  |eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee|
30  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  |eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee|
40  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  |eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee|
50  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  |eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee|
60  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  |eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee|
70  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  |eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee|

DU3  B1? >,d
00  07535444 20202020  204D5347 00000002  |.STD     MSG....|
10  10000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  |................|
20  004C4449 52202020  20432020 00000038  |.LDIR    C  ...8|
30  13001500 00000000  00000000 00000000  |................|
40  0843504D 55472020  20434154 01000046  |.CPMUG   CAT...F|
50  1C001E00 38003D00  41004300 45000000  |....8.=.A.C.E...|
60  00434F4D 4D414E44  204C4252 01000080  |.COMMAND LBR....|
70  14001600 17001800  19001A00 1B001D00  |................|


DU3  B1? q
** Queue Status Summary **
0 Blocks in Queue
249 Blocks Left in Queue
Address of Head of Queue: 3E00 Hex
Address of Tail of Queue: 3E00 Hex

DU3  B1? <g
Reading from Group 0000
32 Blocks in Queue
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

DU3  B1? g1
Group = 0001:00, Track = 122, Sector = 33, Physical Sector = 33

DU3  B1? <g
Reading from Group 0001
64 Blocks in Queue
Group = 0001:00, Track = 122, Sector = 33, Physical Sector = 33


DU3  B1? q
** Queue Status Summary **
64 Blocks in Queue
185 Blocks Left in Queue
Address of Head of Queue: 3E00 Hex
Address of Tail of Queue: 5E00 Hex

DU3  B1? qsdir.sys
Queue Saved in File

DU3  B1? qz
** Queue Status Summary **
0 Blocks in Queue
249 Blocks Left in Queue
Address of Head of Queue: 3E00 Hex
Address of Tail of Queue: 3E00 Hex

DU3  B1? g0
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1


DU3  B1? <b
1 Blocks in Queue

DU3  B1? +<b
Group = 0000:01, Track = 122, Sector = 2, Physical Sector = 2
2 Blocks in Queue

DU3  B1? +<b
Group = 0000:02, Track = 122, Sector = 3, Physical Sector = 3
3 Blocks in Queue

DU3  B1? +<b
Group = 0000:03, Track = 122, Sector = 4, Physical Sector = 4
4 Blocks in Queue

DU3  B1? +2<b
Group = 0000:05, Track = 122, Sector = 6, Physical Sector = 6
5 Blocks in Queue

:E

                              V[nn]

     Ö  viewó  thå currenô blocë aó ASCIÉ  characters®   Thå �
forí "Vnn¢ viewó thå indicateä numbeò oæ blockó startinç  aô �
thå currenô one.

                           A, D, and H

     Ä   displayó  á  blocë  oò  portioî  thereoæ  iî   botè �
hexadecimaì notatioî anä aó ASCIÉ characters®   Á displayó á �
blocë oò portioî thereoæ aó ASCIÉ characters¬ anä È displayó �
á  blocë  oò portioî thereoæ aó  hexadecimaì  numbers®   Alì �
threå commandó accepô á range¬ sucè aó thå following:

	D0-#7F	is the same as just D
	D3-5
	A20-#3F

     See next section for examples.
:F

                            CH and CA

     CÈ  allowó  thå  useò  tï changå thå  contentó  oæ  thå �
currenô  blocë  bù  specifyinç  ne÷  valueó  aó  hexadecimaì �
numbers®    CÁ  allowó  thå  samå  bù  specifyinç  aî  ASCIÉ �
characteò string.

CHaddr val val val...
     Change Hex data values in block

CAaddr char string...
     Change ASCII data values in block
Š
     NOTÅ thaô <xx¾ maù bå heø imbeddeä iî thå ASCIIº 
          ca0 OK<d><a><1a>

     Use W to write changes to disk.

     Ranges may be specified:

CHaddr-addr byte or CAaddr-addr byte
     Changes a range of bytes to the same value

     Examples (actual DU3 session):

DU3  B7? g0
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

DU3  B7? d
00  07535444 20202020  204D5347 00000002  |.STD     MSG....|
10  10000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  |................|
20  004C4449 52202020  20432020 00000038  |.LDIR    C  ...8|
30  13001500 00000000  00000000 00000000  |................|
40  0843504D 55472020  20434154 01000046  |.CPMUG   CAT...F|
50  1C001E00 38003D00  41004300 45000000  |....8.=.A.C.E...|
60  00434F4D 4D414E44  204C4252 01000080  |.COMMAND LBR....|
70  14001600 17001800  19001A00 1B001D00  |................|


DU3  B7? d0-#f
00  07535444 20202020  204D5347 00000002  |.STD     MSG....|

DU3  B7? h0-#f
00  07535444 20202020  204D5347 00000002  

DU3  B7? a0-#f
00  |.STD     MSG....|

DU3  B7? fdu2.hlp
20  07445532 20202020  20484C50 01000039  |.DU3     HLP...9|
30  28009800 99009B00  9C009D00 00000000  |(...............|
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

DU3  B7? g28
Group = 0028:00, Track = 125, Sector = 273, Physical Sector = 273


DU3  B7? d
00  496E766F 6B696E67  20445533 20616E64  |Invoking DU3 and|
10  20445533 20496E73  74616C6C 6174696F  | DU3 Installatio|
20  6E0D0A44 55332043  6F6D6D61 6E642053  |n..DU3 Command S|
30  756D6D61 72790D0A  436F6D6D 616E6473  |ummary..Commands|
40  20666F72 204C6F67  67696E67 20446973  | for Logging Dis|
50  6B732061 6E642045  78616D69 6E696E67  |ks and Examining|
60  20446973 6B205061  72616D65 74657273  | Disk Parameters|
70  0D0A436F 6D6D616E  64732066 6F722050  |..Commands for P|

DU3  B7? v
Invoking DU3 and DU3 Installation
DU3 Command Summary
Commands for Logging Disks and Examining Disk Parameters
Commands for P
Group = 0028:00, Track = 125, Sector = 273, Physical Sector = 273


DU3  B7? v3
Invoking DU3 and DU3 Installation
DU3 Command Summary
Commands for Logging Disks and Examining Disk Parameters
Commands for Positioning and Reading Data
Commands for Searching for Data
Commands for Saving and Restoring Data
Commands for Viewing data
Commands for Altering Data
Commands for Manipulating Macros and the @ Command
Miscellanea
Examples of command use
Interpret
Group = 0028:02, Track = 125, Sector = 275, Physical Sector = 275


DU3  B7? g28
Group = 0028:00, Track = 125, Sector = 273, Physical Sector = 273

DU3  B7? d
00  496E766F 6B696E67  20445533 20616E64  |Invoking DU3 and|
10  20445533 20496E73  74616C6C 6174696F  | DU3 Installatio|
20  6E0D0A44 55332043  6F6D6D61 6E642053  |n..DU3 Command S|
30  756D6D61 72790D0A  436F6D6D 616E6473  |ummary..Commands|
40  20666F72 204C6F67  67696E67 20446973  | for Logging Dis|
50  6B732061 6E642045  78616D69 6E696E67  |ks and Examining|
60  20446973 6B205061  72616D65 74657273  | Disk Parameters|
70  0D0A436F 6D6D616E  64732066 6F722050  |..Commands for P|


DU3  B7? ch0-10 0

DU3  B7? d
00  00000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  |................|
10  00445533 20496E73  74616C6C 6174696F  |.DU3 Installatio|
20  6E0D0A44 55332043  6F6D6D61 6E642053  |n..DU3 Command S|
30  756D6D61 72790D0A  436F6D6D 616E6473  |ummary..Commands|
40  20666F72 204C6F67  67696E67 20446973  | for Logging Dis|
50  6B732061 6E642045  78616D69 6E696E67  |ks and Examining|
60  20446973 6B205061  72616D65 74657273  | Disk Parameters|
70  0D0A436F 6D6D616E  64732066 6F722050  |..Commands for P|

DU3  B7? ca11 This is a test

DU3  B7? d0-#1f
00  00000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  |................|
10  00546869 73206973  20612074 6573746F  |.This is a testo|

:G

                           Macros

     Á Macrï ió á short-hanä thå useò caî emploù tï definå á �
commanä  sequence®   Ratheò thaî havinç tï typå aî  involveä �
commanä oveò anä oveò again¬  thå DU³ macrï facilitù  allowó �
thå  useò tï assigî thió commanä sequencå tï á numbeò (°  tï �
9© anä theî executå iô bù simplù presentinç thió numbeò aó á �
command®   Thå  followinç commandó arå associateä witè  thió �
facility.

                        :ntext and n

     ":n<text>¢  defineó thå texô followinç thå digiô 'n§ tï �
bå á Macro®   Aó always¬ ° <½ î <½ 9®  Thå macrï definitionó �
maù  bå  createä  anä redefineä aô will®   Iæ  á  macrï  haó �
alreadù  beeî defineä foò thå indicateä number¬  iô wilì  bå �
overwritteî bù thå executioî oæ thió command®   "n"¬ wherå ° �
<½ î <½ 9¬ executeó thå indicateä macro.


                        :Pn and :PA

     ":Pn"¬  wherå  ° <½ î <½ 9¬  printó thå texô  oæ  Macrï �
Numbeò n®  ":PA¢ printó thå texô oæ alì 1° macros.

                         @ and :P@

     "@¢  executeó  thå previouó commanä linå thaô  diä  noô �
contaiî  thå  "@¢  Command®   Thió provideó aî easù  waù  tï �
repeaô thå lasô commanä linå typed®  Foò example:

     g0             <-- go to Group 0
     ch0-7f e5,<    <-- Initialize the first block and Save
     >,w,+          <-- Read in the Saved Block, Write it 
                         out to disk, and advance to next
                         logical block
     @              <-- Do the Previous Command Again
     @              <-- And Again


     ":P@¢  printó thå previouó commanä linå (anä  doeó  noô �
changå it).

     Examples (edited DU3 session):

DU3  B7? g0
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

DU3  B7? :1+,d0-#1f

DU3  B7? :p1
Macro Definitions --
1: +,d0-#1f

DU3  B7? 1
Group = 0000:01, Track = 122, Sector = 2, Physical Sector = 2
00  0754414C 4B202020  2053554D 00000049  |.TALK    SUM...I|
10  11002300 24000000  00000000 00000000  |..#.$...........|


DU3  B7? 1
Group = 0000:02, Track = 122, Sector = 3, Physical Sector = 3
00  07444953 4B4F5554  20434F4E 00000000  |.DISKOUT CON....|
10  00000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  |................|

DU3  B7? 1
Group = 0000:03, Track = 122, Sector = 4, Physical Sector = 4
00  04584449 52202020  20C3CF4D 00000054  |.XDIR    COM...T|
10  2C002E00 48000000  00000000 00000000  |,...H...........|

DU3  B7? g0,d0-#1f
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1
00  07535444 20202020  204D5347 00000002  |.STD     MSG....|
10  10000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  |................|

DU3  B7? 1
Group = 0000:01, Track = 122, Sector = 2, Physical Sector = 2
00  0754414C 4B202020  2053554D 00000049  |.TALK    SUM...I|
10  11002300 24000000  00000000 00000000  |..#.$...........|


DU3  B7? :pa
Macro Definitions --
0: 

1: +,d0-#1f

2: 

     < Detail Left Out >

9: 


DU3  B7? g0,d0-#1f,1,1,1
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1
00  07535444 20202020  204D5347 00000002  |.STD     MSG....|
10  10000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  |................|
Group = 0000:01, Track = 122, Sector = 2, Physical Sector = 2
00  0754414C 4B202020  2053554D 00000049  |.TALK    SUM...I|
10  11002300 24000000  00000000 00000000  |..#.$...........|
Group = 0000:02, Track = 122, Sector = 3, Physical Sector = 3
00  07444953 4B4F5554  20434F4E 00000000  |.DISKOUT CON....|
10  00000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  |................|
Group = 0000:03, Track = 122, Sector = 4, Physical Sector = 4
00  04584449 52202020  20C3CF4D 00000054  |.XDIR    COM...T|
10  2C002E00 48000000  00000000 00000000  |,...H...........|


DU3  B7? @

Command --
g0,d0-#1f,+,d0-#1f,+,d0-#1f,+,d0-#1f
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1
00  07535444 20202020  204D5347 00000002  |.STD     MSG....|
10  10000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  |................|
Group = 0000:01, Track = 122, Sector = 2, Physical Sector = 2
00  0754414C 4B202020  2053554D 00000049  |.TALK    SUM...I|
10  11002300 24000000  00000000 00000000  |..#.$...........|
Group = 0000:02, Track = 122, Sector = 3, Physical Sector = 3
00  07444953 4B4F5554  20434F4E 00000000  |.DISKOUT CON....|
10  00000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  |................|
Group = 0000:03, Track = 122, Sector = 4, Physical Sector = 4
00  04584449 52202020  20C3CF4D 00000054  |.XDIR    COM...T|
10  2C002E00 48000000  00000000 00000000  |,...H...........|

:H

                             ?

     "?¢ giveó á commanä summarù anä telló thå useò whaô thå �
currenô  valueó arå foò Processoò Clocë Speeä anä Lineó  peò �
Pagå  oî CONº  aó welì aó thå addresó foò thå Grouð  Storagå �
Buffeò (wherå thå DU³ Queuå begins).


                           *[nn]

     "*nn¢  repeató thå currenô commanä linå (aó entereä  sï �
far© nî times®   Thió commanä defaultó tï "forever¢ iæ nî ió �
noô specified® 'nn§ maù bå ² tï 65535.


                             !

     "!¢   haltó   processinç  oæ   commands¬   displayó   á �
continuatioî messagå tï thå user¬  anä waitó foò thå useò tï �
typå anù key®  Typinç á Control-Ã abortó commanä processing®  �
Thió commanä ió usefuì iî stoppinç loopó tï givå thå useò aó �
mucè timå aó hå wantó tï revie÷ thå display.


                             P

     "P¢  toggleó thå printeò switcè oî anä off®   Iô allowó �
thå  useò  tï turî oî anä ofæ á recordinç  oæ  youò  consolå �
output.

                             X

     "X¢ exiôs bacë tï ZCPR3.


                           Z[nn]

     "Znn¢ causeó thå prograí tï sleep¬ oò pause¬ anä maù bå �
useä tï looë aô á dumð quicklù iî á loopinç commanä line®  Ú �
ió  ±  sec®   Znî  ió nî secondó oî  aî  î  MHú  8080®   Thå �
processoò  speeä  ió specifieä withiî thå ZCPR³  Environmenô �
Descriptor.


                             ^C

     "^C" exits to ZCPR3 and Warm Boots.

     Examples (actual DU3 session):


DU3  B7? g0
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

DU3  B7? d0-#f,+,!,*
00  07535444 20202020  204D5347 00000002  |.STD     MSG....|
Group = 0000:01, Track = 122, Sector = 2, Physical Sector = 2

Type Any Character to Continue or ^C to Abort - 
00  0754414C 4B202020  2053554D 00000049  |.TALK    SUM...I|
Group = 0000:02, Track = 122, Sector = 3, Physical Sector = 3

Type Any Character to Continue or ^C to Abort - 
00  07444953 4B4F5554  20434F4E 00000000  |.DISKOUT CON....|
Group = 0000:03, Track = 122, Sector = 4, Physical Sector = 4

Type Any Character to Continue or ^C to Abort - 
00  04584449 52202020  20C3CF4D 00000054  |.XDIR    COM...T|
Group = 0000:04, Track = 122, Sector = 5, Physical Sector = 5

Type Any Character to Continue or ^C to Abort - 

DU3  B7? g1
Group = 0001:00, Track = 122, Sector = 33, Physical Sector = 33

DU3  B7? d0-#f,+,*3
00  E5482020 20202020  2042414B 00000004  |eH       BAK....|
Group = 0001:01, Track = 122, Sector = 34, Physical Sector = 34
00  E5535542 32202020  2042414B 0100007B  |eSUB2    BAK...{|
Group = 0001:02, Track = 122, Sector = 35, Physical Sector = 35
00  E5434420 20202020  204D4143 00000047  |eCD      MAC...G|
Group = 0001:03, Track = 122, Sector = 36, Physical Sector = 36

DU3  B7? ^C
B7>

:3

     DU³ containó á built-in¬  screen-orienteä editor®  Thió �
editoò deriveó itó screen-orienteä functionó froí thå  ZCPR³ �
TCAP¬  sï  thå  DU³ Editoò shoulä bå invokeä onlù  oî  ZCPR³ �
Systemó  whicè  arå supportinç á valiä TCAÐ foò  thå  user'ó �
terminal.


                             E

     Thå  commanä  "E¢  invokeó thå editor®   Iæ  anù  otheò �
commandó  follo÷  Å oî thå samå  line¬  theså  commandó  arå �
flushed®   Thå  DU³ Editoò ió á completå subsysteí undeò DU³ �
iî  itó owî right®   Iô provideó á varietù oæ  user-friendlù �
editinç  featureó  foò thå manipulatioî oæ datá  withiî  thå �
currenô sectoò (block© aó welì aó allowinç thå useò tï issuå �
anù  DU³ commanä linå hå desires¬  returninç tï  thå  editoò �
wheî iô ió completed.


     Thå  DU³  Editoò presentó á screeî displaù tï thå  useò �
whicè  ió structureä tï includå á linå showinç thå  contentó �
oæ  thå  sectoò aô thå cursor¬  severaì lineó  oæ  hex/ASCIÉ �
(similaò  tï thå Ä commanä output© whicè displaù thå  entirå �
sector¬ á menõ oæ commands¬ á cursoò (whicè initiallù pointó �
tï thå firsô bytå iî á sector)¬ anä á commanä prompt.

     Thå  useò  maù  emploù  thå  WordStaò  cursoò  movemenô �
commandó  tï  movå thå cursoò abouô iî thå  currenô  sector®  �
Theså commandó are:

                       ^E = Cursor UP
                             ^
        ^S = Cursor LEFT   <-+->   ^D = Cursor RIGHT
                             v
                      ^X = Cursor DOWN

     ^R refreshes the screen display.


     Thå followinç commandó arå alsï availablå undeò thå DU³ �
Editor:

     A = Enter ASCII Text into block starting at cursor
     H = Enter Hex/Dec Numbers into block starting at cursor

     + = Advance to Next Logical Sector and Edit
     - = Backup to Last Logical Sector and Edit

    ^W = Write the Current Sector to Disk

     C = Issue Any DU3 Command Line

     X = Exit to DU3
    ^C = Exit to ZCPR3


     Alì  oæ theså commandó arå self-explanatorù excepô  foò �
thå Á anä È commands.

     Thå  Á  commanä ió useä tï enteò ASCIÉ  texô  intï  thå �
sectoò startinç aô thå cursoò position®  Iî responså tï thió �
command¬  thå DU³ Editoò wilì prompô thå useò foò input®  Hå �
maù  theî  typå  anù  texô hå wisheó  followeä  bù  strikinç �
RETURN®  Thió texô ió entereä literallù intï thå sector®  Iæ �
iô overflowó thå enä oæ thå sector¬ iô ió truncated®  Iæ thå �
useò  wisheó  tï  embeä  hexadecimaì  values¬  likå  0Ä  foò �
Carriagå Return¬ hå maù uså thå forí "<hh>"®  Example:

          this is a test<0D><0A>


     Thå  È commanä ió useä tï enteò á grouð oæ  hexadecimaì �
anä  decimaì valueó intï thå sectoò startinç aô  thå  cursoò �
position®   Numberó  separateä bù spaceó arå typeä iî bù thå �
user®   Iæ thå useò wisheó tï enteò á valuå iî decimal¬  thå �
forí "#nn¢ ió used®  Example:

          1 2 3 3A b7 #25


     Thå  Editoò  ió onå oæ thå mosô  powerfuì  capabilitieó �
withiî  DU3®    Iô  ió  highlù  recommendeä  thaô  thå  useò �
experimenô   witè   iô  anä  becomå  acquainteä   witè   itó �
capabilities® 

:4
                          Examples


     Multiple commands may be separated by ",".

     Anù valiä commanä strinç maù bå placeä aó aî operanä oæ �
thå originaì DU³ command¬ i.e.:

	 A>DU3 G0,D,G2,=OK<D><A><1A>,D


     Exampleº  thå followinç commandó wilì eraså thå   disë �
directorù tï alì E5's:

	lb		log in b drive
	g0		position to dir.
	ch0-7f e5	fill with e5
	<		save the sector
	>,w,+,/16	restore, write, next,
			repeat 16

     This could be shortened to:

	lb,g0,ch0-7f e5,<
	>,w,+,/16


     Thå followinç twï macroó can bå defined:

   Macro 0 --
     :0g0,ch0-7f e5,<
   Macro 1 --
     :1>,w,+,/16

     Foò  thå  useò tï initializå thå directorù oî Drivå  Aº �
anä  theî  oî  Drivå B:¬  thå followinç  commandó  coulä  bå �
issued:

     la,0      <-- Log in A and Initialize first block
     1         <-- Perform write
     lb,0      <-- Log in B and Initialize first block
     1         <-- Perform write
     n,0       <-- Declare New Disk and Initialize first 
                    block
     1         <-- Perform write

:5
     Interpretation of Directory Data Presented by DU3

     Thå  followinç explainó thå formaô oæ á CP/Í  directorù �
entrù  aó  showî bù DU3¬   usinç eitheò thå  Æ  (Finä  File© �
command¬   oò  jusô doinç Ä (Dump© oæ thå directorù sectors¬ �
whicè  arå  locateä iî groupó ° anä ± oî  á  singlå  densitù �
disk®  Samplå resulô oæ "FSID.COM¢ command:

First	    40	00534944 20202020 20434F4D  0000003A  |.SID	COM...:|
line	    ||	|||			 |  ||	  ||	|	  |
	    ||	||^----hex file name-----^  ||	  ||	^file name^
	    ||	||			    ||	  ||	 in ASCII
	    ||	||		     extent-^^	  ||
	    ||	||				  ||
	    ||	||	     file size in sectors-^^
	    ||	||
	    ||	^^-00 = file active
	    ||	   E5 = file erased
	    ^^-displacement of line in directory sector


Second	    50	33343536 3738393A  00000000 00000000  |3456789:........|
line		|				   |
		^---allocation group numbers-------^