.fo Section 10 - ZCPR2 Resident and Alternate Cmnds Page # 10.0 ZCPR2 Resident and Alternate Commands ZCPR2 Resident Commands Likå thå CP/Í 2.² CCP¬  ZCPR² containó somå commandó  withiî itself®  Iô containó alì oæ thå CCÐ commandó (excepô USER¬ whicè isn'ô  needeä  anymore©  anä á fe÷ more¬  buô alì  oæ  thå  ZCPR² residenô  commandó  arå differenô witè logicaì extensionó tï  thå CCÐ commands. Thå   followinç  discussioî  applieó  tï   thå   recommendeä configuratioî oæ ZCPR2®  Therå arå manù wayó tï configurå ZCPR2¬ anä  thió discussioî cannoô possiblù coveò alì oæ them¬  sï É  aí coverinç  thå recommendeä configuratioî wherå alì oæ thå residenô commandó arå enableä witè alì oæ theiò optionó turneä on. Iî  thå  followinç  discussion¬  "afn¢ referó  tï  thå  CP/Í ambiguouó  filå namå forí (containinç "?¢ and/oò "*¢  characters© anä "ufn¢ referó tï thå CP/Í unambiguouó filå namå forí (doeó noô contaiî thå ambiguouó characters). Thå DUº prefiø maù bå useä wheneveò á filå namå ió used® Bù attachinç  thió prefix¬  thå filå ió identifieä tï residå iî  thå indicateä  directorù  (disë anä useò area)®  Tï revie÷  thå  DUº form¬   iô  ió  á  logicaì  extensioî  tï  thå  Dº  prefiø  undeò conventional CP/M. The user number is added, however. Iæ  á prefiø oæ Dº  ió used¬  iô referó tï thå currenô  useò areá oî thå indicateä disk® Iæ á prefiø oæ Uº ió used¬ iô referó tï thå indicateä useò areá oî thå currenô disk®  DU:¬ oæ course¬ refers to the indicated user area on the indicated disk. Foò example¬ iæ yoõ arå loggeä intï Disë B¬ Useò 1¬ theî thå following is true: A:MYFILE.TXÔ -- referó tï MYFILE.TXÔ oî Disë A¬ Useò 1 4:MYFILE.TXT -- refers to MYFILE.TXT on Disk B, User 4 A4:MYFILE.TXT -- refers to MYFILE.TXT on Disk A, User 4 MYFILE.TXT -- refers to MYFILE.TXT on Disk B, User 1 10.01 The DIR Command Thå DIÒ commanä ió useä tï displaù thå nameó oæ thå fileó iî the current directory. It has three basic forms -- Display $DIR File Names DIR DU:afn Display $SYS File Names DIR DU:afn S Display All File Names DIR DU:afn A Assume you are logged into Disk B, User 1. Examples: DIR 4: <-- Gives all non-System files on B4 DIR 4: A <-- Gives all files on B4 DIR A4:*.HLP A <-- Gives all files of type HLP on A4 DIR *.* S <-- Gives all System files on B1 10.02 The ERA Command Thå  ERÁ commanä ió useä tï eraså files®  Iô ió noô ablå tï eraså Read/Onlù files¬ buô iô caî eraså Systeí files® Iô haó twï basic forms -- Erase Specified Files ERA DU:afn Erase with Verify ERA DU:afn V ERÁ  printó thå nameó oæ thå fileó iô erases®  Iæ yoõ  havå selecteä thå Verifù option¬  iô alsï promptó yoõ beforå iô eraseó them (or aborts, if you desire). 10.03 The REN Command Thå  REÎ commanä ió useä tï changå thå namå oæ onå  filå  tï another®  Again¬ iô caî noô changå thå namå oæ á Read/Onlù file® It has only one basic form -- Renamå Filå REÎ DU:ufn1=ufn² Like ERA, REN can "see" System files as well as DIR files. Iæ ufn± alreadù exists¬ REÎ wilì asë thå useò iæ hå wantó tï Erase it (with the prompt "Erase ufn1?"). 10.04 The TYPE and LIST Commands TYPÅ  anä LISÔ arå useä tï displaù fileó oî thå consolå  anä printer¬  resp® TYPÅ pageó bù default¬ stoppinç afteò thå screeî is filled. These two commands have three basic forms -- Print File on Console TYPE DU:ufn P Without Paging Print File on Console TYPE DU:ufn With Paging Print File on Printer LIST DU:ufn The file may be either System or DIR. Š 10.05 The SAVE Command Thå  SAVÅ  commanä ió useä tï savå thå contentó oæ  thå  TPÁ ontï disë aó á file®  Iô acceptó twï argumentsº  á numbeò anä á filå  name®  Thå  filå  namå maù bå optionallù followeä  bù  thå letteò "S¢ tï indicatå thaô thå numbeò ió thå numbeò oæ  128-bytå Sectoró  (Blocks©  tï bå saved¬  and¬  iæ thió optioî  letteò  ió omitted¬ thå numbeò ió assumeä tï bå thå numbeò oæ 256-bytå Pageó to be saved. The SAVE command has two basic forms -- Save Memory into File SAVE n DU:ufn Save Memory into File SAVE n DU:ufn S and Specify Number of Blocks Iæ thå number¬  n¬ ió followeä bù thå suffiø "H"¬ aó iî "FH¢ oò  "2DH"¬  theî  î ió takeî tï bå á hexadecimaì  value®  Iæ  nï suffiø  ió given¬  î ió assumeä tï bå decimal®  Thió hexadecimaì optioî  eliminateó  thå  neeä  foò  conversioî  froí  thå  valueó supplied by debuggers, like DDT. Iæ thå indicateä filå alreadù exists¬ SAVÅ wilì asë thå useò if he wishes to erase it with the prompt "Erase ufn?". 10.06 The GET Command GEÔ  ió  useä  tï loaä á  filå  anywherå  intï  memory®  Iô requireó twï argumentsº  á numbeò (assumeä tï bå hexadecimal© oæ thå  256-bytå  pagå iî memorù aô whicè tï starô thå loaä anä  thå name of the file. Load File Into Memory GET adr DU:ufn Notå  thaô thió "adr¢ ió á pagå number¬  sï adr=± referó  tï 100H, adr=2d refers to 2D00H, etc. 10.07 The GO Command Thå GÏ commanä ió useä tï reexecutå thå lasô prograí  loadeä into the TPA without having to reload it. Reexecute Last Transient GO params Without Reloading It Thå parameteró arå parseä aó witè anù transienô command¬ anä thå  appropriatå bufferó arå loadeä bù ZCPR2®  Aó  usual¬  ZCPR² "calls¢ thå prograí loadeä aô 100È afteò iô haó finisheä witè thå parsing and buffer loading. 10.08 The JUMP Command JUMÐ ió useä tï brancè tï anywherå iî memory® Iô takeó onlù onå  argument¬  whicè  ió  thå addresó aô whicè  tï  jump®  Thió addresó  caî  bå  tï  anù bytå iî memorù (iô  ió  á  fulì  16-biô address), and it is assumed to be a hexadecimal number. Call Subroutine Anywhere in JUMP adr Memory 10.09 The DU Form for Changing Disk and User Thå  DÕ forí standinç alonå ió useä tï loç intï á  differenô directory. There are three basic forms of this command -- Change Disk D: Change User U: Change Disk and User at DU: Same Time 10.10 Alternates to the ZCPR2 Resident Commands Aó  thå  readeò  caî seå bù reviewinç thå  helð  filå  nameä Z2RES¬  thå  residenô commandó oæ ZCPR² arå logicaì extensionó oæ thå residenô commandó oæ thå CP/Í 2.² CCP® Witè thå ZCPR² Systeí oæ  Programs¬  however¬  comeó á seô oæ transienô programó  whicè providå  thå  samå  typeó  oæ functionó  aó  thå  ZCPR²  residenô commands but with many more options and much more flexibility. Aó  aî  overview¬  thå followinç tablå  compareó  thå  ZCPR² residenô  commandó anä theiò transienô alternates®  Thå residenô commandó oæ SAVE¬  JUMP¬  GET¬  anä GÏ havå nï alternateó bù  thå nature of their functions. Resident Alternate Additional Alternate Functions -------- --------- ------------------------------ DIR XDIR Sorts Display, Prints File Sizes, Negative alias Selection, Disk Output, Printer Output, XDIR3 File Scan Function, Named Directories ERA ERASE File List, Named Directories, Inspect Mode, Can Erase R/O Files, System File Protection REN RENAME File List, Named Directories, Inspect Mode, Wild Cards Permitted, Control Mode, System File Protection TYPE PAGE File List, Named Directories, Screen Wrap, Speed Change LIST PRINT File List, Named Directories, Headings, Page Numbering, Time Stamp, Paging, Skip to Specified Page Iî  additioî tï thå transientó nameä oî thå previouó  table¬ threå transientó noô relateä tï anù onå specifiã residenô commanä whicè kinä oæ falì intï thå categorù oæ "speciaì systeí transienô commands" are: PROTECT -- Set Protection Codes and Tag Bits on Files PATH -- Display and Set Command or File Search Paths WHEEL -- Enable and Disable Certain Resident Commands These will also be discussed in this HELP File. Onå notå beforå proceedingº alì oæ thå transientó discusseä herå  whicè accepô botè filå nameó anä optionó aó argumentó  wilì noô accepô á filå namå beginninç witè á slash®  Thió ió á trade- ofæ É haä tï makå ..®  É wanteä tï makå iô easù tï omiô thå  filå namå (assuminç alì fileó selected© anä jumð righô tï thå options® Tï bå consistent¬  É selecteä thå slasè (nonå oæ mù currenô fileó begiî  witè á slasè anä É likå iô aó aî optioî delimiteò froí  mù experiences with DEC software). Hence¬ aó á generaì rulå foò alì transientó É createä tï ruî witè ZCPR2¬  iæ á filå namå ió omitted¬ theî thå ¯ characteò musô proceeä  thå  firsô  option®  Additionally¬  aî  invaliä  optioî invokeó  á  built-iî Helð facilitù withiî alì oæ thå  transients¬ and / is never an option character. So, we have: command filename.typ o... <-- form with file spec command /o... <-- form sans file spec command // <-- always gives help Anotheò  iteí tï notå ió thaô manù transientó  supporô  filå listó wherå á singlå filå namå waó giveî before® Iî theså cases¬ thå  useò caî specifù á lisô oæ filå specó separateä bù commaó iî the file name position: command dir:f1.typ,dir:f2.typ,... o... Alsï  iî manù cases¬  thå DIÒ forí maù bå prefixeä  tï  eacè filå name®  Thå DIÒ forí maù bå thå namå oæ á nameä directorù oò it may be a simple DU form. 10.11 The XDIR Command Thå  XDIÒ  Commanä (XDIR³ program© ió aî extendeä  directorù display utility. It has the general form of: XDIR dir:filename.typ ooo... where: "dir:¢ ió á DIÒ prefix» iô maù bå á nameä directory¬ like ROOT, a DU form, like A5, or omitted "filename.typ" is an ambiguous file name reference, and it may be omitted "o" is an option character, and, if "filename.typ" is omitted, the first option must be proceeded by a slash Valid options under XDIR are: Aa -- Set File Attributes AA = Select System and Non-System Files AN = Select Non-System Files AS = Select System Files D -- Send Output to Disk File XDIR.DIR as well as to the Console Ff -- Enable a Disk-Based File Scanner Function FL = Log Names to FNAMES.DIR FP = Print Names Stored in FNAMES.DIR FS = Scan Disk and Compare to FNAMES.DIR G -- Toggle Grouping (by filename/type or type/name) H -- Toggle Display (Horizontal/Vertical) I -- Inspect Logged Files (for FL option only) N -- Negate Selection (File NOT Matching Wildcard) P -- Send Output to Printer as well as Console Uså  oæ alì oæ theså optionó ió ratheò involved¬  anä  XDIR³ haó  á Helð Filå dedicateä tï it®  Thå nexô informatioî  sectioî chains to that Help File. 10.12 The ERASE Command Thå ERASÅ commanä ió useä tï eraså files¬  likå ERA®  Therå arå  manù majoò differences¬  however®  Thå generaì forí oæ  thå ERASE Command is: ERASE dir:f1.typ,dir:f2.typ,... o... Aó  thå readeò caî see¬  á filå lisô ió permitteä aó welì aó the DIR prefix. The file specs may be ambiguous. Á  majoò differencå iî functionaì concepô betweeî ERASÅ  anä ERÁ  ió thaô ERÁ alwayó "sees¢ botè Systeí anä Non-Systeí  files® ERASÅ onlù "sees¢ Non-Systeí fileó anä musô bå tolä explicitlù tï matcè  Systeí fileó aó well®  É feeì thaô thió affordó aî  addeä degreå  oæ  protectioî  tï thå  ZCPR²  environmenô  overall¬  anä commandó  likå "ERASÅ *.*¢ affecô onlù workinç fileó anä noô  thå System files which may be hidden in the directory. The options recognized by ERASE are: S -- Include System Files; if S is not present, then ERASE does not "see" System Files R -- Erase Read/Only Files without asking the user for permission; if ERASE encounters a Read/Only filå whilå iô ió performinç itó functioî without the R option enabled, it will ask the user if he wants to erase the file before it does so; with the R option, it simply goes ahead and erases the file I -- Inspect; ERASE can be instructed to display each file to the user and ask permission before it erases it; if the user gives permission and ERASE discovers that the file is R/O with the R option off, it will ask a second time before going ahead Examples: ERASE A4:*.TXT Erase all Non-System files of type TXT in directory A4; if a file is R/O, ERASE will ask for permission before proceeding ERASE *.TXT,TXT:*.TXT RI Erase all Non-System files of type TXT in the current directory and in the directory named TXT; if a file is R/O, go ahead and erase it; allow the user to see the name of the file and approve its erasure before it is erased ERASE SCRATCH: SR Erase all System and Non-System files iî thå directorù nameä SCRATCH» iæ á file is R/O, erase it without asking; this erases absolutely every file in that directory 10.13 The RENAME Command Thå RENAMÅ commanä ió á brotheò tï thå REÎ residenô command® Therå arå manù majoò differences¬ however: . RENAMÅ allowó  ambiguouó filå nameó tï thå used . RENAMÅ supports an Inspect Mode, where the user is presented with each name change and allowed to approve of it before it is done . RENAME supports a Control Mode, where the user is presented with each file to be RENAMEd and allowed to manually enter the new name or not rename the file . RENAME accepts a list of files . RENAME does not "see" System files unless told to . RENAME can rename Read/Only files . RENAME sets the attibutes (R/O and SYS) of the new file names to be the same as those on the old file names . RENAME supports Named Directories The RENAME command is of the general form: RENAME dir:f1.typ,dir:f2.typ,... o... The options to RENAME are: S -- Include System Files I -- Allow user to Inspect the file before performing the rename C -- (Control Mode) Allow the user to manually name each of the selected files or to skip it Iæ á ne÷ filå namå ió thå samå aó aî existinç file¬ thå useò wilì  bå askeä iæ hå wisheó tï deletå thå existinç filå iî  ordeò for the rename function to be performed. Examples: RENAME A4:MYFILE.TXT=HISFILE.TXT Rename HISFILE.TXT in A4 to MYFILE.TXT RENAME A4:*.MAC=*.ASM,*.TXT=*.TEX IS Rename all files of type ASM in A4 to type MAC; also rename all files of type TEX in the current directory to type TXT; include System files and Inspect (approve) each file before the rename is done RENAME TXT: C Rename all Non-System files in directory TXT; the user is presented with the name of the file and manually enters a new name for it Š RENAME 1:*.TXT CS Rename all Non-System and System files in User 1 of the current disk whose file type is TXT and allow the user to manually enter each new name RENAME S*.TXT=*.TXT Rename all Non-System files in the current directory whoså filå typå ió TXÔ sï thaô thå firsô letteò oæ their names is an S and the rest of the letters are unchanged 10.14 The PAGE Command Thå  PAGÅ commanä ió useä tï lisô fileó oî thå console®  Iô offeró á fe÷ advantageó oveò TYPÅ iî thaô PAGÅ knowó thå widtè oæ thå screeî anä handleó wraparounä (whicè ió á biç complainô  witè TYPÅ  wheî  tryinç  tï  pagå througè "wide¢  listingó  likå  thaô produceä bù thå assemblers)®  PAGÅ alsï acceptó á filå lisô  anä supports named directories. PAGE is invoked by a command line of the following form: PAGE dir:f1.typ,dir:f2.typ,... o... wherå  "dir:fn.typ¢ ió aî ambiguouó filå speã (wilä cardó maù  bå used©  witè  á DIÒ prefiø (nameä directorieó oò DÕ forí  allowed© and "o" is one or more of the following options: P - do not pause for user after filling a screen Sn, 0 <= n <= 9 - set initial speed (0=fastest) Thå Speeä optioî oæ thå PAGÅ commanä shoulä bå discusseä  iî somewhaô  morå detail®  Whilå á filå ió beinç pageä tï thå user¬ thå  useò caî strikå onå oæ thå digitó tï varù thå speeä  oæ  thå outpuô dynamically® ° ió thå fastest¬ ¹ ió thå slowest® Iî thió way¬  thå  useò caî easilù scaî á filå bù runninç PAGÅ witè thå Ð optioî  (sï  iô  doeó noô stoð wheî thå  screeî  ió  filled©  anä strikinç  á digiô froí timå tï timå tï speeä uð oveò sectionó  hå isn't interested in and slow down for sections he is. Whilå  thå  outpuô  ió beinç directeä tï  thå  screen¬  PAGÅ supportó  thå followinç single-characteò commandó tï  changå  thå output display in one way or another: 0 to 9 - change speed (0=slowest, 9=fastest) P or p - toggle pause when screen fills (the user can dynamically turn on and off the ability to delay when a screen fills) C or c - issue PAGE immediate command immediate commands include S to skip to next file, R to restart current file, and Q or ^C to abort to ZCPR2 Wheî  PAGÅ pauseó wheî thå screeî filló (itó  default)¬  thå useò  maù  issuå onå oæ thå immediatå commandó oæ  PAGE®  Hå  ió prompted for input at this time. 10.15 The PRINT Command Thå  PRINÔ  commanä  ió useä tï prinô á  filå  oî  thå  LSTº device¬  likå LISÔ does¬  buô offeró manù morå options®  Iô wilì prinô  á heading¬  pagå thå file¬  numbeò thå pages¬  numbeò  thå lines¬  placå á date/timå stamð oî thå output¬  puô thå filå namå oî thå output¬ anä others. The PRINT command is of the following form: PRINT dir:f1.typ,dir:f2.typ,... o... wherå  "dir:fn.typ¢  ió aî ambigouó filå namå witè á  DIÒ  prefiø (supportinç  thå DÕ forí oò á nameä directory© anä "o¢ ió onå  oò morå oæ thå following: E - Exact Print (Expand Tabs, Form Feed, No Line or Page Numbers, No Heading) F - Toggle default of file name display on page header (iæ defaulô ió ON¬ theî Æ turnó ofæ name display) Htext - Define Heading text to appear at the top of each page L - Toggle numbering of each line M - Toggle Multiple Run Flag (if multiple run is ON, then no "Set Top of Form" message appears for each file and PRINT moves from one file to another unattended) N - Toggle numbering of each page Sn - Start printing on page n T - Toggle date/time stamp in the header of each page (a CLOCK subroutine must be assembled into PRINT to enable the date/time stamp feature) Thå F¬  L¬  M¬ N¬ anä Ô optionó arå seô bù GENINÓ initially® Thió  allowó thå installeò tï selecô defaultó foò theså  options¬ anä  theså  optioî characteró iî thå commanä linå jusô  servå  tï toggle the defaults. Š Thå  specifiã  featureó oæ thå printeò arå alsï seô  bù  thå installeò  witè  GENINS®  Sucè featureó includå  thå  numbeò  oæ physicaì lineó oî á page¬  thå numbeò oæ lineó oæ texô oî á page¬ and the width of a line in characters. Thå  date/timå stamð featurå ió verù machine-dependent¬  anä PRINÔ  haó  tï  bå reassembleä tï supporô  it®  Detailó  oæ  thå date/timå  stamð subroutinå arå includeä witè PRINÔ iî thå  ZCPR² distribution. 10.16 The PROTECT Command Thå  PROTECÔ commanä replaceó thå attributå seô capabilitieó oæ  thå  STAÔ transienô anä addó morå  flexibility®  PROTECÔ  ió designeä tï allo÷ thå useò tï specifù thå attributeó  (Read/Only¬ System¬  anä  Archive© anä taç bitó (thå Mosô Significanô Bitó oæ the eight characters in a file name) of a file or set of files. The PROTECT command is of the following form: PROTECT dir:f1.typ,dir:f2.typ,... o... Aó thå readeò caî see¬  á filå lisô ió permitteä aó welì  aó nameä directories®  Thå filå specó maù bå ambiguous® Optionó tï the PROTECT Command are: PROTECT always "sees" both System and Non-System files. I -- Inspect C -- Control R, S, A -- Turn on Attributes Read/Only, System, and Archive n, 1 <= n <= 8 -- Set Tag Bits Inspecô  Modå allowó thå useò tï looë aô eacè filå beforå iô ió  "protected¢  anä  permiô  oò  disallo÷  thå  functioî  tï  bå performed on a case-by-case basis. Controì Mode¬ aó witè thå RENAMÅ command¬ allowó thå useò tï seå  thå  namå  oæ  eacè  filå  selecteä  anä  manuallù  seô  itó attributeó anä taç bits® Iî responså tï thå Controì Modå prompt¬ thå useò caî typå iî anù combinatioî oæ thå letteró A¬  R¬ S¬ anä the digits 1-8. Examples: PROTECT A4:*.COM,ROOT:*.COM RSI Set the Attributes of all COM files in directories A4 and ROOT to Read/Only and System. Turn off the Archive attribute and all tag bits. Allow the user to inspect each file before the operation is performed. PROTECT ROOT:*.TXT Clear all attributes and all tag bits of all files of type TXT in the directory named ROOT PROTECT A: C Allow the user to manually set all attributes and tag bits of all files on Disk A in the current user 10.17 The PATH Command Thå  PATÈ  Commanä ió useä tï dynamicallù changå  á  memory- baseä  filå searcè patè oò thå ZCPR² commanä searcè  path®  Witè PATH¬  thå  useò caî definå á ne÷ patè tï bå followeä oò  hå  caî view what the current path is. Thå  PATÈ commanä ió installeä bù GENINS¬  and¬  durinç  thå installatioî process¬  GENINÓ telló PATÈ thå beginninç addresó oæ thå patè iô ió tï worë with® PATÈ maù bå installeä severaì timeó bù GENINS¬  giveî differenô patè addresses¬  anä theî saveä undeò different names to support each path the ZCPR2 System uses. Thå  PATÈ  commanä  dealó witè  patè  expressions®  Á  patè expressioî  ió  á  sequencå  oæ  directorù  names  whicè  caî  bå expresseä  aó "ambiguous¢ DÕ forms¬  absolutå DÕ forms¬  oò Nameä Directory forms. Aî  absolutå DÕ forí indicateó jusô á disë  letteò  (currenô useò  ió assumed)¬  jusô á useò numbeò (currenô disë ió assumed)¬ oò botè á disë letteò anä á useò number®  Aî "ambiguous¢ DÕ forí ió  onå  iî  whicè  thå disë letteò oò useò  numbeò  oò  botè  ió replaceä witè á "$¢ character¬ meaninç "currenô disk¢ oò "currenô user"®  Á Nameä Directorù form¬ oæ course¬ ió simplù thå namå oæ a directory. Tï illustrate¬  let'ó saù thaô yoõ arå loggeä intï B1®  Thå path $0 A$ A0 ROOT represents the sequence B0 to A1 to A0 to ROOT Thå PATÈ Command¬ then¬ maù bå invokeä bù theså forms: PATH // <-- Print Help PATH <-- Display Path PATH path-expression <-- Set Path Actuaì  screeî displayó illustratinç thå uså oæ PATÈ follow® Comments are denoted at the size by being prefixed with "<<". B7>path // << Print Help PATH Version 1.0 PATH allows the user to display his current path and set a new path. It is invoked by one of the forms: PATH <-- Display Path PATH path-expression <-- Set Path PATH // <-- Print Help B7>path << Print Current Path PATH Version 1.0 Current Path in Symbolic Form -- A$: --> A 15: Current Path in Absolute Form -- A 7: --> A 15: Current Path in Named Directory Form -- R-WS: --> ROOT: B7>path $0 a$ base root: << Set a Path PATH Version 1.0 << Note: a named dir may have Current Path in Symbolic Form -- << a : as a suffix $ 0: --> A$: --> A 0: --> A 15: Current Path in Absolute Form -- B 0: --> A 7: --> A 0: --> A 15: Current Path in Named Directory Form -- DEV-BASE: --> R-WS: --> BASE: --> ROOT: B7>path 0 base root help << Set a Path with an Error in It PATH Version 1.0 Invalid Path Expression Element -- Error Flagged at: -->0 BASE ROOT HELP This may be an invalid DU: form (disk or user out of range) or an undefined named direcory. Aborting to CP/M B7>path a$ << I kept ROOT in the path before PATH Version 1.0 << This is where my commands are Current Path in Symbolic Form -- A$: Current Path in Absolute Form -- A 7: Current Path in Named Directory Form -- R-WS: B7>path << Path Can't be found without ROOT being PATH? << in the path expression B7>a15:path a$ root << ... UNLESS the DU: prefix is used PATH Version 1.0 << (DU: can be disabled by the ZCPR2 Current Path in Symbolic Form -- << installer) A$: --> A 15: Current Path in Absolute Form -- A 7: --> A 15: Current Path in Named Directory Form -- R-WS: --> ROOT: B7> No÷  wå  arå  bacë  tï ouò  originaì  path®  Notå  thaô  bù disablinç thå DÕ form¬  á loô oæ securitù ió addeä tï thå system® Commandó caî onlù comå froí thå currenô path¬ anä CÄ MUSÔ bå useä tï  loç  intï á directory®  Addeä tï this¬  oæ  course¬  ió  thå abilitù  tï hidå Systeí Directorieó froí vie÷ bù PWÄ anä  forcinç thå  useò  tï  providå  á passworä iî ordeò  tï  enteò  á  Systeí Directory. 10.18 The WHEEL Command Thå  WHEEÌ  commanä  ió useä tï enablå anä  disablå  certaiî selecteä (aô installatioî time© ZCPR² residenô commands® Á WHEEÌ optioî  caî  bå  specifieä wheî ZCPR² ió installeä  oî  á  targeô system® Iæ thå WHEEÌ optioî ió enableä foò á particulaò command¬ thaô commanä wilì worë onlù iæ á Wheeì Byte¬ locateä somewherå iî memory¬ ió set® Thå commanä wilì echï aó aî erroò messagå iæ thå Wheeì Bytå ió noô set. Thå  WHEEÌ commanä ió useä tï seô anä reseô thå Wheeì  Byte® It supports the following forms: WHEEL or WHEEL // <-- Print Help WHEEÌ passworä SEÔ <-- Seô Wheeì Bytå (Enablå Cmd) WHEEL password <-- Set Wheel Byte WHEEÌ passworä RESEÔ <-- Reset¬ oò Clear¬ Wheeì Byte Thå WHEEÌ concepô caî bå extendeä intï transienô commandó aó well®  Thió ió noô donå witè thå transientó supplieä witè ZCPR2¬ however. The WHEEL command is installed by GENINS. .fo Section 11 - Help System Page # 11.0 Help System 11.1 The HELP2 Subsystem for Online Documentation Thå  purposå oæ HELP² ió tï allo÷ thå useò tï  interactivelù querù  thå *.HLÐ fileó oæ thå systeí iî ordeò tï receivå informa tioî  summarieó oî variouó aspectó oæ thå useró workinç  environ ment¬  sucè aó thå languagå systemó hå ió usinç anä certaiî  sub systemó availablå tï him. Wheî  thå useò typeó "HELP"¬  á searcè ió donå foò thå fileó *.HLP®  Thå  namå  oæ  eacè HLÐ filå ió displayeä  tï  thå  useò optionallù   followeä  bù  thió  text®   Iæ  thå  useò   desireó informatioî  oî á specifiã topiã anä hå haó á HELÐ Filå  oæ  thaô namå (ie¬  CPM.HLÐ ió á HELÐ Filå oî CP/M)¬  hå maù issuå oæ HELÐ Commanä oæ thå form: HELP topic "topic¢ ió thå namå oæ thå HELÐ Filå (topic.HLP¬ likå CPM.HLP). 11.2 HELP: Welcome to the HELP Command Welcomå tï thå HELÐ Command¡ Thå HELÐ Commanä ió designeä tï assisô you¬  thå CP/Í user¬ iî thå uså oæ CP/Í iî generaì anä specifiã CP/Í commandó iî particular®  Iô ió designeä aó aî interactive¬ on-linå assistancå system. HELР pulló  iî  fileó nameä .HLР froí  disë  anä displayó theså tï thå useò iî á pageä mode®  Theså fileó arå oæ twï basiã typeó -- indexeä anä non-indexed. Indexeä  fileó  arå  thoså HELÐ fileó whicè  starô  witè  aî index®  Thió  ió aî examplå oæ aî indexeä file®  Wheî  HELÐ loadó  aî indexeä file¬  iô displayó thió indeø tï thå  useò anä  allowó hií tï selecô entrieó froí it®  Thå useò maù selecô aó manù entrieó aó hå desireó iî anù ordeò hå desireó bù simplù typinç thå letteò oæ hió selection®  Oncå thå useò haó madå hió selection¬  HELР wilì looë uð thå bodù oæ texô hå  selecteä  anä displaù iô tï hií iî á pageä mode®  Wheî thå useò haó finisheä readinç  hió  selection¬  HELÐ theî returnó hií tï  thå  indeø menu® Typinç á Control-à wilì returî thå useò tï CP/M. Non-indexeä fileó arå thoså HELÐ fileó whicè dï noô starô witè aî index®  Iî sucè cases¬  HELÐ wilì immediatelù displaù thå  contentó  oæ thå filå tï thå useò and¬  wheî thå useò  haó finisheä lookinç aô it¬ HELÐ wilì returî tï CP/M. HELÐ ió menu-driven¬  anä alì thå commandó availablå tï  thå useò aô anù giveî timå arå displayeä tï him® Thå  versioî oæ HELÐ describeä iî thió HLÐ filå ió  designeä tï  worë witè thå ZCPR² systeí anä takå advantagå oæ somå oæ  itó special features. 11.3 HELP: How to Use the HELP Command The HELP Command is executed in one of three ways: (1) by just typing 'HELP' (2) by typing 'HELP FILENAME', where FILENAME is the name of a disk file named FILENAME.HLP (3) by typing 'HELP FILENAME.TYP', where FILENAME.TYP is the name of a file created in the format of a help file Iæ  thå useò typeó jusô 'HELP'¬  hå wilì receivå á lisô  oæ thå availablå HELÐ Fileó anä mù elecô tï reaä thå basiã  HELP.HLÐ file® Foò alì otheò formó oæ thå HELÐ command¬ thå useò wilì seå thå  specifieä helð filå information®  Generallù  speaking¬  thå namå  oæ  thå  helð filå shoulä bå indicativå oæ  itó  subject¬ likå CPM.HLÐ shoulä contaiî helð informatioî oî CP/M. The HELP File Search Hierarchy Wheneveò HELÐ lookó foò á specifieä HELÐ Filå (eitheò  froí thå  HELР Commanä  oò  froí aî  Informatioî  Sectioî  whicè specifieó á Nodå [seå later])¬ HELÐ wilì perforí á searcè foò thå indicateä file® Thió searcè goeó aó follows: 1®  Undeò  ZCPR2¬  HELР caî bå seô uð tï  follo÷  thå externaì path®  Aó such¬  HELÐ wilì searcè thå currenô directorù (disë  anä  user©  first®  Iæ iô ió noô seô  uð  tï  searcè  thå external path, it will search along its internal path. 2®  Iæ  thå  HLÐ filå ió noô founä undeò  thå  currenô directory¬ HELÐ wilì searcè alonç thå ZCPR² patè foò it. 3®  Iæ thå HLÐ filå ió noô founä alonç thå ZCPR² path¬ theî HELÐ wilì searcè alonç itó internaì patè foò thå file® Thió ió á majoò differencå betweeî HELÐ anä otheò ZCPR² utilities® Tï configurå  HELР witè GENINS¬  yoõ shoulä firsô telì GENINÓ  thaô HELÐ doeó noô uså externaì paths¬  definå thå internaì path¬  anä theî telì GENINÓ thaô HELÐ useó externaì pathó anä wherå thå patè begins. 4®  Iæ  thå HLÐ filå ió noô found¬  HELР wilì  eitheò displaù  thå nameó oæ thå HLÐ fileó alonç thå patè anä prinô  itó internaì documentatioî oò finä thå filå HELP.HLÐ anä prinô that. 11.4 HELP: Moving Around within the HELP Command Oncå thå useò ió runninç HELP¬ hå ió giveî á seô oæ commandó bù whicè hå caî displaù thå particulaò itemó oæ informatioî hå ió interesteä in. Afteò  issuinç thå HELÐ command¬  thå useò wilì comå uð iî onå oæ twï modeó (dependinç oî thå typå oæ HELÐ filå referenced)® Iî Indexeä Mode¬  á Menõ oæ topicó ió displayeä tï thå useò anä hå  caî  selecô thå desireä topiã bù typinç  thå  letteò  iî fronô  oæ thå topiã title»  iî Non-Indexeä Mode¬  nï menõ ió displayeä anä thå entirå filå ió vieweä aó onå Informatioî Section. Aî  Informatioî Sectioî ió á collectioî oæ screeî  displayó (onå  screeî fulì oæ text© calleä  Frames®  Typically¬  aî Informatioî Sectioî shoulä contaiî á logicaì groupinç oæ  relateä datá  oî á particulaò topic®  Iî Indexeä Mode¬  eacè Menõ topiã referó tï aî Informatioî Section® Bù selectinç á topic¬ thå useò ió placeä intï aî Informatioî Section®  Iî Non-Indexeä Mode¬ thå entirå HELÐ filå ió onå Informatioî Section. Moving From the Menu Aô  thå  Menõ  oæ á HELÐ file¬  thå  useò  haó  twï  basiã options® Theså optionó arå tï selecô á Menõ topiã tï revie÷ oò tï  exiô tï CP/M®  Iæ á Menõ topiã ió selected¬  thå useò  ió placeä intï thaô Informatioî Section. Á  thirä  optioî aô thå Menõ oæ á HELÐ filå  ió  sometimeó available®  Thió  optioî  ió tï movå uð tï thå previouó  HELÐ Level®  Somå  Informatioî  Sectionó arå entirå HELР fileó  iî theiò owî right¬ whicè caî bå accesseä independentlù oæ thå HELÐ filå thå useò ió currentlù in® Iæ thå useò enteró onå oæ theså Informatioî Sections¬ thå namå oæ thå currenô HELÐ filå ió saveä anä thå ne÷ HELÐ filå ió loaded®  Wheî thió happens¬  thå useò ió placeä aô thå nexô HELÐ Leveì (aî ascendinç number¬ wherå thå originaì HELÐ filå ió aô HELÐ Leveì 0¬  á HELÐ filå calleä  froí thió leveì ió aô HELÐ Leveì 1¬ á HELÐ filå calleä froí thió leveì ió  aô HELÐ Leveì 2¬  etc.)®  Wheî thå useò ió aô á loweò  HELÐ Leveì (useò ió NOÔ aô HELÐ Leveì 0)¬ hå haó thå optioî tï movå tï  thå nexô higheò HELÐ Leveì (froí HELÐ Leveì ± tï HELР Leveì 0¬ foò example). Thå  concepô  oæ movinç betweeî HELÐ Leveló ió deriveä  froí thå concepô oæ á Treå datá structurå froí Computeò  Science®  Iî thió concept¬  thå useò startó aô thå rooô oæ thå treå anä theî climbó  uð  anä  dowî thå treå tï variouó  levels¬  oò  nodes® Froí eacè node¬  thå useò maù onlù movå uð oò dowî thå treå  -- hå  can'ô  crosó oveò tï á nodå aô thå samå leveì withouô  firsô movinç dowî thå treå anä theî bacë up®  Tï illustrate¬ consideò thå following: Node A Node B HELP Level _________ ____________ 5 \ Node C / -------------- 4 \ Node D Node E ------------ ---------------- 3 \ Node F / Node G --------------------------- ----------- 2 \ Node H / Node I -------------------------- ------- 1 \ Node J / Root of Tree --> -------------------------- 0 Iî  thå abovå example¬  thå useò musô alwayó starô aô  thå rooô  oæ thå treå (Nodå J)®  Thió ió analogouó tï HELÐ Leveì  0¬ whicè ió wherå thå useò ió placå wheî hå issueó thå HELÐ Command® Tï geô tï Nodå C¬  foò example¬  thå useò haó tï climâ thå  treå froí  Nodå  Ê tï Nodå È tï Nodå Æ tï Nodå Ä tï  Nodå  C®  Thió woulä   bå  likå  thå  useò  enterinç  ´  Node-Typå  Informatioî Sections¬ iî whicè differenô HELÐ fileó arå successivelù loaded. No÷ thaô thå useò ió aô Nodå C¬  let'ó saù thaô hå wantó  tï gï  tï Nodå E®  Undeò thå HELÐ System¬  therå arå twï wayó tï dï this: 1®  Jumð ofæ oæ thå treå anä theî climâ bacë uð tï Nodå  E®  Here¬  thå useò woulä jumð froí Nodå à tï Nodå Ê  anä theî gï tï Nodå È tï Nodå Æ tï Nodå E® Undeò HELP¬ thå useò caî dï  thió bù exitinç tï CP/Í anä theî reissuinç thå HELР Commanä oò bù issuinç thå Rooô Commanä (.)»  oncå aô thå rooô oæ thå tree¬  hå theî climbó iô agaiî bù enterinç thå  appropriatå Informatioî Sections. 2®  Climâ dowî thå treå anä theî bacë up®  Thå useò woulä  movå  froí Nodå à tï Nodå Ä tï Nodå Æ anä theî bacë uð  tï Nodå  E®  Thå HELÐ useò caî gï tï thå previouó leveì bù  issuinç thå  Uð Leveì (^© command®  Iî thió example¬  hå woulä Uð  Leveì twicå anä theî gï bacë down. Moving Within An Information Section Oncå  thå useò ió withiî á textuaì Informatioî  Section¬  hå haó  severaì capabilitieó foò movinç withiî thió sectioî anä  ouô oæ thió section. First¬  tï movå ouô oæ aî Informatioî Section¬ thå useò caî returî  tï  thå menõ (iæ thå currenô HELÐ filå  ió  Indexed©  oò returî tï CP/M®  Additionally¬  iæ thå useò ió noô oî thå rooô (HELР Leveì  0)¬  hå caî returî tï thå previouó HELР Leveì  (Uð Level)®  Iæ  thå  useò ió noô iî aî Indexeä HELР file¬  movinç forwarä  beyonä thå Enä oæ Informatioî (EOI© wilì returî hií  tï CP/Í iæ hå ió aô HELÐ Leveì ° oò returî hií tï thå previouó  HELÐ Leveì iæ not. Tï movå withiî aî Informatioî Section¬ thå datá ió typicallù arrangeä sequentially®  Consequently¬ thå useò caî movå Forwarä tï  thå nexô Frame¬  Backwarä tï thå previouó Frame¬  oò tï thå beginninç  oæ thå Informatioî  Section®  Naturally¬  thå  useò cannoô  movå  backwarä  beyonä thå beginninç oæ  thå  Informatioî Section®  Also¬  iæ thå useò trieó tï movå forwarä beyonä  thå Enä  oæ  Informatioî (EOI)¬  hå ió eitheò returneä tï thå  Menu¬ returneä  tï  CP/M¬  oò returneä tï thå previouó  HELР Leveì  aó describeä above. 11.5 HELP: HELP Command Prompts Thå  followinç  arå thå basiã promptó foò  useò  commanä whicè HELÐ displayó tï thå useò anä theiò meanings. ^C=CP/M ^=Level .=Root M=Menu S=Start L=Last CR=Next - \ \ \ \ \ \ \__Goto Next \ \ \ \ \ \__Goto Last Frame \ \ \ \ \__Goto Start of Info Sec \ \ \ \__Goto Menu of HELP File \ \ \__Goto Root if NOT at Level 0 \ \ (this is displayed only if NOT at Level 0) \ \__Goto Previous Level \ (this is displayed only if NOT at Level 0) \__Return to CP/M EOI ^C=CP/M ^=Level .=Root M=Menu S=Start L=Last CR=Next - \ \________\_______\________\_______\_______\_______\ \ \__ Same As Above __\ \__User is at the End of Information (end of Info Section) Type ^C=CP/M ^=Level .=Root or Enter Selection - \ \ \ \__Enter letter of desired \ \ \ Information Section \ \ \__Goto Root \ \ (this is shown only if NOT at Level 0) \ \__Goto Previous Level \ (this is shown only if NOT at Level 0) \__Return to CP/M Preceedinç  eacè oæ thå abovå promptó ió aî indicatoò  oæ thå HELÐ Leveì anä Framå Numbeò thå useò ió currentlù at® Thió indicatoò maù takå thå followinç forms: \__The user is at the Menu of Level 0 fff: \__Current Frame Number within Information Section (the user is at Level 0) Level lll/ \__Current Level Number (The user is at a Menu Frame) (this is displayed only if the user is NOT at Level 0) Level lll/fff: \ \__Current Frame Number within Information Section \__Current Level Number (this is displayed only if the user is NOT at Level 0) Summary of User Commands Cmd Meaning ^ Go to Previous Level . Go to Root Level M Go to Menu of Current HELP File S Go to Start of Information Section L Go to Previous Frame CR (Carriage Return or Space) Go to Next Frame ^C (Control-C) Return to CP/M 11.6 HELP: HELP Error Messages Thå  followinç  arå thå erroò messageó issueä bù  HELÐ anä theiò meanings: HELP FATAL ERROR -- File not Found The specified HELP File cannot be found. HELP FATAL ERROR -- File Name Contains Wild Car Thå  specifieä HELÐ Filå containó thå characteò "*¢ oò  "?"® Thió ió noô alloweä sincå iô specifieó aî ambiguouó name. HELP ERROR -- Invalid Response The user issued an invalid command. HELP ERROR -- EOF on HELP File Iî searchinç foò aî Informatioî Section¬  HELÐ raî intï  thå enä  oæ  thå HELÐ File®  Thå Indexeä HELÐ Filå ió  improperlù structureä (morå indeø entrieó thaî Informatioî Sections). Š HELP ERROR -- Not Possible to Backup Before Start of Info Aî  Ì  Commanä  waó issueä wheî thå currenô Framå  waó  thå beginninç oæ thå currenô Informatioî Section. HELP ERROR -- Node Level Limit Reached -- Aborting Thå  limiô  oæ thå nestinç oæ thå HELÐ Leveló  ió  exceeded® HELÐ limitó thå numbeò oæ HELÐ Leveló thaô caî bå traverseä tï 1° (default¬  whicè  caî bå changed)¬  anä aî attempô waó madå  tï enteò HELÐ Leveì 1± (oò defaulô « 1). HELP ERROR -- Invalid File Name in Load Aî Informatioî Sectioî whicè ió tryinç tï loaä á nodå  (gï tï nexô HELÐ Level© containó aî invaliä filå name. HELP ERROR -- No Higher Level to Return to Aî  attempô waó madå tï gï tï á HELÐ Leveì previouó tï  HELÐ Leveì ° (Þ Commanä issueä froí HELÐ Leveì 0). HELP ERROR -- Not Enough Room for HELP File Thå  selecteä  HELР Filå  ió toï largå  tï  loaä  intï  thå availablå memorù iî thå user'ó computeò system®  Thå HELÐ Filå shoulä bå reduceä iî size» usinç HELÐ Leveló (Nodå references© iî thå Informatioî Sectionó ió á gooä waù tï dï this. 11.7 HELP: How to Write HELP Files Fileó  useä  bù  thå HELÐ prograí arå eitheò  simplå  CP/M- standarä  fileó oæ ASCIÉ texô oò ASCIÉ  fileó  generateä bù  thå Worä Staò texô editor/formatter®  Theså files¬  aó mentioneä  above¬  arå  oæ twï basiã  typesº  indexeä  anä  non- indexed¬  anä  eacè typå ió relateä tï thå otheò anä ió oæ  thå samå basiã format. Grouping of Information Informatioî displayeä tï thå useò ió groupeä bù thå indeø iî indexeä  HELР fileó anä maù alsï bå groupeä bù lineó  beginninç witè Forí Feeä (^L© characters® Groupinç ió aî effectivå waù tï logicallù  organizå  informatioî sï thaô meaninç wilì  bå  morå cleaò tï thå useò anä unitó oæ informatioî wilì noô pasó  betweeî screeî displays. Thå  informatioî  displayeä  tï thå useò ió  organizeä  intï logicaì  unitó  calleä Informatioî Sectionó anä  screeî  displayó (onå  screeî fulì oæ text© calleä Frames®  Usinç texô  editors¬ thå  useò  caî  creatå  hió  owî  HELР fileó  anä  organizå  hió informatioî aó hå desireó foò displaù tï thå HELÐ user. Non-Indexed HELP Files Non-indexeä  HELР fileó arå simplå ASCIÉ fileó whicè  starô witè  á coloî (:© aó thå firsô characteò oæ thå filå anä  consisô oæ ASCIÉ texô (witè eacè linå terminateä bù á carriagå returî anä linå feeä characteò combination)®  Thå informatioî iî sucè  á helð  filå consistó oæ alì texô afteò thå leadinç coloî uð  tï eitheò  thå  terminatinç end-of-filå marë (control-Z© oò á  ne÷ linå whicè startó witè á colon. Indexed HELP Files Indexeä  HELР fileó arå simplå ASCIÉ fileó whicè  dï  noô starô  witè  á coloî (:© aó thå firsô characteò oæ  thå  file® Thió  typå oæ HELÐ filå consistó oæ onå oò morå normaì  ASCIÉ texô  lineó  aó  thå  firsô  lineó  oæ  thå  filå  followeä  bù informatioî  sectionó  whicè  begiî  witè  á  linå  whoså  firsô characteò ió á coloî anä enä witè eitheò thå firsô linå  oæ thå nexô informatioî sectioî oò thå enä oæ thå file. Tree Structures within Indexed HELP Files Aó  mentioneä above¬  thå Indexeä HELÐ Filå ió divideä  intï Informatioî Sections¬ wherå eacè Informatioî Sectioî startó witè á coloî (:)® Therå arå twï basiã typeó oæ Informatioî Section: 1®  Informatioî Sectionó containinç textuaì material» thió typå oæ Informatioî Sectioî simplù containó readinç materiaì whicè  ió  organizeä intï Frames¬  wherå á Framå ió equaì tï  onå screeî display. 2®  Informatioî  Sectionó whicè referencå otheò  HELÐ files»  thió  typå oæ Informatioî Sectioî beginó witè twï  colonó (::©  insteaä  oæ  onå aó iî (1© above»  thå  twï  colonó  arå immediatelù followeä bù thå namå oæ thå HELÐ filå (thå HELР filå typå maù bå optionallù specified). Tï illustrate¬  thå followinç outlineó thå structurå oæ thå twï typeó oæ Informatioî Sections: :Title for Type 1 Information Section : [next Information Section] Figure: A Text (Type 1) Information Section ::HLPFILE <-- for HLPFILE.HLP : [next Information Section] ::HLPFILE.TYP <-- for HLPFILE.TYP : [next Information Section] Š 11.8 HELP: The Tree Structure of HELP -- Basic HELP File -- |Info Sect 1 |Info Sect 2 |Info Sect 3 |Info Sect 4 | | Text | HELP File | Text | HELP File | / \ / \ -- SubHelp File 1 -- -- SubHelp File 2 -- |Info Sect 1 |Info Sect 2 | |Info Sect 1 |Info Sect2| | Text | HELP File | | Text | Text | / \ -- SubSubHelp File 1 -- |Info Sect 1 |Info Sect 2 |Info Sect 3 | | Text | HELP File | HELP File | / \ / \ -- Sub3Help File 1 -- -- Sub3Help File 2 -- |Info Sect | |Info Sect 1 |Info Sect 2| | Text | | Text | HELP File | / \ -- Sub4Help File -- |Info Sect 1 |Info Sect 2| | Text | Text | Figure: Sample HELP File Structure Thå   abovå  diagraí  ió  meanô  tï  illustratå  ho÷   treå structureó  caî bå implementeä undeò Versionó 1.´ anä beyonä  oæ HELP®  Aó  thå useò caî see¬  á ne÷ nodå oæ thå treå ió createä wheneveò  á HELÐ filå ió referenceä bù aî  Informatioî  Sectioî (aó  opposeä tï simplù havinç texô iî thå Informatioî  Section)® Eacè  nodå becomeó thå baså oæ á ne÷ tree¬  whicè itselæ  maù contaiî referenceó tï otheò HELÐ files. Froí thå previouó diagraí (feeì freå tï refeò bacë tï it)¬ SubHelð Leveì ³ containó twï HELÐ files®  Theså caî bå entereä froí  Informatioî Sectioî ² anä Informatioî Sectioî ³ oæ SubHelð Leveì  2®  Bù  simplù enterinç onå oæ  theså  twï  Informatioî Sections¬  thå  appropriatå HELÐ filå ió loadeä anä thå useò ió placeä aô thå nexô level® Froí theså HELÐ files¬ thå useò maù movå  withiî  thå HELÐ filå itselæ oò movå uð  tï  thå  previouó leveì  (naturally¬  thå  useò  alwayó haó thå optioî tï  exiô  tï CP/M). 11.9 HELP: Sample HELP Files Illustrating Use of Tree Structure Thå  followinç  Frameó  sho÷ thå sourcå  tï  threå  HELÐ Files¬  nameä DEMO.HLP¬  DEMO2.HLP¬  anä DEMO3.HLP® DEMO.HLÐ ió provideó  thå  Rooô Nodå tï á treå whicè includeó  DEMO2.HLР anä DEMO3.HLÐ aó subnodes®  Additionally¬  DEMO3.HLÐ haó á  subnodå whicè   referenceó  DEMO.HLP¬   sï  wå  havå  á  recursivå  treå structure. DEMO.HLP TEST 1 - OK <-- Menu TEST 2 - SIMPLE NEST TEST 3 - INVOLVED NEST TEST 4 - OK :TEST 1 <-- First Info Section (Text) THIS IS TEST 1 ::DEMO2 <-- 2nd Info Section (Node) ::DEMO3 <-- 3rd Info Section (Node) :TEST 4 <-- 4th Info Section (Text) TO BE, OR NOT TO BE, THAT IS THE QUESTION! ... TO TAKE ARMS AGAINST A SEA OF TROUBLES AND BY OPPOSING END THEM. TO DIE, TO SLEEP ... TO SLEEP, PERCHANCE TO DREAM. AYE, THERE'S THE RUB! FOR IN THAT SLEEP, WHAT DREAMS MAY COME! DEMO2.HLP :TEST 2 <-- No Menu -- 1 Info Section THIS IS TEST 2 DEMO3.HLP TEST 3A <-- Menu TEST 3B TEST 3C :TEST 3A <-- First Info Section (Text) THIS IS TEST 3A the rain in Spain falls mainly in the plain :TEST 3B <-- 2nd Info Section (Text) THIS IS TEST 3B ::demo <-- 3rd Info Section (Node)