Invoking DU2 and DU2 Installation
DU2 Command Summary
Commands for Logging Disks and Examining Disk Parameters
Commands for Positioning and Reading Data
Commands for Searching for Data
Commands for Saving and Restoring Data
Commands for Viewing data
Commands for Altering Data
Commands for Manipulating Macros and the @ Command
Miscellanea
Examples of command use
Interpreting DU2 Directory Display
:Invoking DU2 and DU2 Installation

     DU2 is invoked by a command line of the following form:

          DU2 <text>

wherå <text¾ ió anù valiä DU² commanä sequence®  Iæ thå firsô twï �
characteró  oæ  <text¾ arå '/?'¬  thå built-iî  documentatioî  ió �
displayeä  anä thå useò ió returneä tï CP/M¬  aó peò thå  TOOLSEÔ �
Convention.

  Examples:

   DU2 /?
     -- Displaù Built-iî Documentation

   DU2 lb,g0,d
     -- Executå  commandó tï Loç iî Drivå B¬  gotï Grouð  0¬  anä �
displaù thå firsô Blocë oæ Grouð 0


     DU²  ió designeä tï bå installeä witè á minimuí oæ  trouble® �
Iî  fact¬  iî  almosô alì cases¬  nï changeó tï thå  sourcå  filå �
shoulä  bå necessarù tï geô DU² uð anä running®  Thió ió  becauså �
DU² useó thå disë parameteò blocë oæ CP/Í tï determinå thå  char-�
acteristicó oæ thå disë environment.

     Thå  onlù parameteró thaô shoulä neeä tï bå changeä wilì  bå �
thå clocë speeä flaç anä thå numbeò oæ lineó oî thå CONº  Device® �
GENINÓ caî bå useä tï perforí thió installation® 

     DU² ió intendeä foò uså oî á ZCPR² system®  Aó such¬ iô wilì �
onlù  ruî witè á Z8° microprocessoò anä oî á CP/Í 2.² (oò higher© �
system® DU² wilì NOÔ ruî oî CP/Í 1.4.

:DU2 Command Summary

@    Exec Prev Command             =data     Search for data
<    Save Current Block in Temp    >         Get Saved Block
<B   Save Current Block on Queue   >B        Get Block from Queue
<G   Save Current Group on Queue   >G        Get Current Group
<Gn  Save Group N on Queue         >Gn       Get Group N
#    Print Disk Stats              ?         Print Help Info
+n   Advance to Next Sector        -n        Back up to Last Sec
!    Halt and Wait for User        /nn       Repeat Command Line

n    Exec Macro (0<=n<=9)          :n<text>  Define Macro n
 :Pn Print Macro n                 :PA       Print All Macros
 :P@ Print Prev Command

An-n      ASCII Dump               Hn-n      Hex Dump
Dn-n      ASCII and Hex Dump

CAn vals or CAn1-n2 val       Change ASCII Values
CHn vals or CHn1-n2 val       Change Hex Values


Ffile     Find File                Uu        Set User u for F

Tn   Position to Track n (dec)     Sn        Position to Sec n
Gn   Position to Group n (hex)     G         Show position

Ld   Log in Disk                   N         New Disk

M    Map Disk                      Mn        Show file in Group n

P    Toggle Printer

Q    Print Queue Statistics        QZ        Zero (Empty) Queue
QSfile    Save Queue as File

R    Read Current Block            W         Write Current Block

Vn   View n blocks                 Zn        Sleep n Seconds

X    Exit to CP/M; opt Warm Boot   ^C        Exit to CP/M

     Á  commanä linå maù consisô oæ onlù onå commanä oò á  serieó �
oæ  commandó  separateä  bù commas®   Iî  thå  latteò  form¬  thå �
commandó arå executeä sequentially®   Thå onlù exceptionó tï thió �
rulå  arå thå :ntexô commanä (whicè storeó thå commanä linå  awaù �
aó á macro© anä thå *nî commanä (whicè repeató thå commanä line).

:Commands for Logging and Viewing Disk Parameters

     Thå  followinç commandó arå discusseä iî thió sectioî oæ thå �
HELP file:

          F -- Find File
          L -- Log in Disk
          N -- New Disk (Reset Disk System)
          M -- Map Disk Directory
          U -- Select User Number
          # -- Print Disk and Queue Statistics



                          Ffilename.typ

     Prinô  directorù  foò  filå  "filename.typ"®   Thió  commanä �
presentó  thå  directorù  entrù  foò  thå  firsô  extenô  oæ  thå �
indicateä  file®   Seå  thå  sectioî  oî  "Interpretinç  thå  DU² �
Directorù  Display¢ foò infï oî ho÷ tï interpreô thå  informatioî �
presented.

     Example (actual DU2 session):

DU2  B1? fz80.mac
40  015A3830 20202020  204D4143 0000000E  *.Z80     MAC....*
50  9A000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  *................*
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

DU2  B1? ftest.txt
++ File Not Found ++
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

                              L[d]

     Thå simplå "L¢ commanä re-logó iî thå currenô disk®  Yoõ maù �
pulì ouô á disk¬  puô iî á new¬  anä "L¢ jusô tï loç iô in®   Thå �
forí "Ld"¬  wherå ä ió á valiä drivå letteò (likå "LB")¬  ió useä �
tï  loç  iî  á  specifiã disë anä permiô  yoõ  tï  worë  oî  thaô �
particulaò disë froí thió timå foreword.

     Example (actual DU2 session):

DU2  B1? l

DU2  B1? la

DU2  A1? lb


                                N

     Thió  telló DU² thaô yoõ jusô puô iî á ne÷ disk®  Foò  thoså �
BIOÓ  implementationó thaô neeä tï bå tolä  specificallù  (Reset© �
thaô á disë changå haó beeî made¬ uså thió commanä everù timå yoõ �
changå á disë whilå DU² ió running.

     Example:

DU2  B1? n

     Noteº   Therå  waó  á  significanô delaù beforå  thå  prompô �
returned.  A complete disk system reset took place.



                              M[n]

     Dumpó  á  mað oæ thå grouð allocationó foò files®  Mî  showó �
whicè filå ió allocateä tï grouð "n".

     Example (actual DU2 session, edited):

DU2  B1? m
0010-0010  07 STD     .MSG 00 : 0011-0011  07 TALK    .SUM 00 
0012-0012  07 Z2CON   .WSH 00 : 0013-0013  00 LDIR    .C   00 
0014-0014  00 COMMAND .LBR 01 : 0015-0015  00 LDIR    .C   00 
     < Detail Left Out >
004B-004B  08 MASTER  .CAT 03 : 004C-0050  00 COMMAND .LBR 05 
0051-0051  00 COMMAND .LBR 07 : 0052-0052  00 UNERA15 .COM 00 
0053-0053  08 MENU    .CPR 00 : 0054-0057  00 COMMAND .LBR 07 
Type Any Character to Continue or ^C to Abort - 
DU2  B1? m54
0054-0057  00 COMMAND .LBR 07 : 
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

     The entries are divided up as follows:

0010-0010  07 STD     .MSG 00 : 0011-0011  07 TALK    .SUM 00 
  ^        ^    ^          ^
  |        |    Filename   Extent
  |        User Number
  Group Range

                               Uu

     Logó useò 'u§ foò nexô Æ (Finä File© command.
�
     Example (actual DU2 session):

DU2  B1? u7

DU2  B7? u1


                                #

     Prints the disk parameters:

     . Current Disk Drive          . Number of Tracks on Disk
     . Size of Group in Blocks     . Number of Sectors Per Track
     . Number of Groups on Disk    . Number of Directory Entries
     . Number of System Tracks

     Prints the queue statistics:

     . Size of Queue               . Space Available

     Example (actual DU2 session):


DU2  B1? #
+=============================+
|    -- Queue Information --  |
+-----------------------------+
0 Blocks in Queue
249 Blocks Left in Queue
Address of Head of Queue: 3E00 Hex
Address of Tail of Queue: 3E00 Hex


                   (Continued on Next Screen)


+=============================+
|    -- Disk Information --   |
+-----------------------------+

Disk Drive:         B
Tracks:             244
Sectors/Track:      336
Group Size:         32 Blocks/Group
Total Groups:       1280
Directory Entries:  512
System Tracks:      122
===============================

:Commands for Positioning and Reading Data

     Thå followinç commandó arå discusseä iî thió sectioî oæ  thå �
HELP file:

          G -- Position to Group
          S -- Position to Sector
          T -- Position to Track
          R -- Read Block
          W -- Write Block
          + -- Advance to Next Logical Sector
          - -- Backup to Last Logical Sector



                              G[nn]

     Positioî tï grouð nî anä reaä block®   Iæ thå forí ió simplù �
"G", show your current position.

     Example (actual DU2 session):

DU2  B1? g0
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

DU2  B1? g4
Group = 0004:00, Track = 122, Sector = 129, Physical Sector = 129

DU2  B1? g
Group = 0004:00, Track = 122, Sector = 129, Physical Sector = 129

DU2  B1? g0
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1


                           Tnn and Snn

     "Tnn¢  doeó  á seeë tï tracë nî buô doeó noô reaä  á  block®  �
"Snn¢  positionó tï sectoò nî oî thå currenô tracë anä readó  thå �
blocë there.  Example (actual DU2 session):

DU2  B1? t124
Group = 0015:00, Track = 124, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

DU2  B1? s24
Group = 0015:17, Track = 124, Sector = 24, Physical Sector = 24


                             R and W

     Ò readó thå blocë currentlù positioneä tï intï memory®  Notå �
Ò (Read© ió impliciô iî thå G¬  +¬ anä - commands¬ buô NOÔ iî thå �
Ó anä Ô commands.

     × writeó bacë thå currenô blocë (NOTEº maù noô bå useä afteò �
aî  Æ  command¬  aó  CP/Í  waó  useä tï  finä  thå  filå  iî  thå �
directory).

     Examples:

DU2  B1? r

DU2  B1? w


                         +[nn] and =[nn]

     "+¢  advanceó ± sectoò (iæ belo÷ tracë 2¬  thió advanceó  tï �
nexô  numericaì  sectoò anä iæ ² oò more¬  advanceó baseä oî  thå �
system'ó sectoò skewinç algorithm¬  i.e®  sï « wilì geô thå  nexô �
logicaì sectoò oæ thå file)®  "-¢ backupó uð ± sectoò iî thå samå �
sense.

     Notå « anä - maù takå aî amountº  foò example¬  +1µ stepó iî �
1µ sectors® Notå alsï thaô "-¢ issueä aô thå firsô logicaì sectoò �
oæ  thå  disë wilì wrað bacë tï thå lasô anä "+¢ issueä  aô  lasô �
sectoò wilì wrað forwarä tï thå first.

     Examples (actual DU2 session):

DU2  B1? g0
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1


DU2  B1? d
00  07535444 20202020  204D5347 00000002  *.STD     MSG....*
10  10000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  *................*
20  004C4449 52202020  20432020 00000038  *.LDIR    C  ...8*
30  13001500 00000000  00000000 00000000  *................*
40  0843504D 55472020  20434154 01000046  *.CPMUG   CAT...F*
50  1C001E00 38003D00  41004300 45000000  *....8.=.A.C.E...*
60  00434F4D 4D414E44  204C4252 01000080  *.COMMAND LBR....*
70  14001600 17001800  19001A00 1B001D00  *................*

DU2  B1? +d
Group = 0000:01, Track = 122, Sector = 2, Physical Sector = 2
00  0754414C 4B202020  2053554D 00000049  *.TALK    SUM...I*
10  11002300 24000000  00000000 00000000  *..#.$...........*
20  00554E45 52413135  2041534D 00000060  *.UNERA15 ASM...`*
30  3E003F00 40000000  00000000 00000000  *>.?.@...........*
40  075A3249 4E532020  20575348 0000002A  *.Z2INS   WSH...**
50  21002500 00000000  00000000 00000000  *!.%.............*
60  075A3243 4F4E2020  20575348 0000003F  *.Z2CON   WSH...?*
70  12002200 00000000  00000000 00000000  *..".............*

DU2  B1? +d
Group = 0000:02, Track = 122, Sector = 3, Physical Sector = 3
00  07445532 20202020  2042414B 00000057  *.DU2     BAK...W*
10  26002800 29000000  00000000 00000000  *&.(.)...........*
20  04535441 52545550  20C3CF4D 0000001E  *.STARTUP COM....*
30  27000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  *'...............*
40  00434F4D 4D414E44  204C4252 03000080  *.COMMAND LBR....*
50  1F002000 30003100  32003300 34003500  *.. .0.1.2.3.4.5.*
60  00434F4D 4D414E44  204C4252 05000080  *.COMMAND LBR....*
70  36003700 39004C00  4D004E00 4F005000  *6.7.9.L.M.N.O.P.*

DU2  B1? +2
Group = 0000:04, Track = 122, Sector = 5, Physical Sector = 5


DU2  B1? d
00  084D4153 54455220  20434154 01000080  *.MASTER  CAT....*
10  2D002F00 3A003B00  3C004200 44004600  *-./.:.;.<.B.D.F.*
20  00464958 54455820  2041534D 0100001E  *.FIXTEX  ASM....*
30  65006600 69006B00  6C000000 00000000  *e.f.i.k.l.......*
40  00554E45 52413135  20434F4D 00000007  *.UNERA15 COM....*
50  52000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  *R...............*
60  084D454E 55202020  20C35052 00000008  *.MENU    CPR....*
70  53000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  *S...............*

DU2  B1? -3d
Group = 0000:01, Track = 122, Sector = 2, Physical Sector = 2
00  0754414C 4B202020  2053554D 00000049  *.TALK    SUM...I*
10  11002300 24000000  00000000 00000000  *..#.$...........*
20  00554E45 52413135  2041534D 00000060  *.UNERA15 ASM...`*
30  3E003F00 40000000  00000000 00000000  *>.?.@...........*
40  075A3249 4E532020  20575348 0000002A  *.Z2INS   WSH...**
50  21002500 00000000  00000000 00000000  *!.%.............*
60  075A3243 4F4E2020  20575348 0000003F  *.Z2CON   WSH...?*
70  12002200 00000000  00000000 00000000  *..".............*
:Commands for Searching for Data

                             =string

     Thió commanä performó á searcè foò thå indicateä ASCIÉ text¬ �
startinç  aô currenô sector®  <xx¾ heø maù bå imbedded¬  oò  useä �
aloneº   Tï finä "IÎ 0FEH"º  =<db><fe>®   Biô · ió ignoreä unlesó �
<xx¾ ió used®  Notå that¬ duå tï thå parsinç schemå oæ DU2¬ formó �
sucè  aó "+=string"¬  whicè positionó tï thå nexô sectoò anä theî �
startó  thå  search¬  arå allowed®   Formó likå  "+2=string¢  arå �
equally permitted.  The search may be aborted by a ^C.  Example:

DU2  B1? g0
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

DU2  B1? =DU2
= at 24
Group = 0000:0E, Track = 122, Sector = 15, Physical Sector = 15


DU2  B1? d
00  07533130 30202020  20545854 0000000C  *.S100    TXT....*
10  0C010000 00000000  00000000 00000000  *................*
20  07445532 20202020  2042414B 00000068  *.DU2     BAK...h*
30  2A006100 6D007800  00000000 00000000  **.a.m.x.........*
40  015A3830 20202020  204D4143 0000000E  *.Z80     MAC....*
50  9A000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  *................*
60  E5444953 4B4F5554  20434F4E 00000020  *eDISKOUT CON... *
70  60000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  *`...............*

DU2  B1? +=DU2
Group = 0000:0F, Track = 122, Sector = 16, Physical Sector = 16
= at 64
Group = 0000:10, Track = 122, Sector = 17, Physical Sector = 17


DU2  B1? d
00  075A3243 4F4E2020  20575320 05000080  *.Z2CON   WS ....*
10  3D013E01 3F014001  41014201 43014401  *=.>.?.@.A.B.C.D.*
20  075A3243 4F4E2020  20575320 06000077  *.Z2CON   WS ...w*
30  45014601 47014801  00000000 00000000  *E.F.G.H.........*
40  E5444953 4B4F5554  20434F4E 00000020  *eDISKOUT CON... *
50  97000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  *................*
60  07445532 20202020  20484C50 01000006  *.DU2     HLP....*
70  98009900 9B009C00  9D000000 00000000  *................*


DU2  B1? +=DU2,d
Group = 0000:11, Track = 122, Sector = 18, Physical Sector = 18
= at 24
Group = 0000:11, Track = 122, Sector = 18, Physical Sector = 18
00  E547454E 494E5320  204D4143 01000080  *eGENINS  MAC....*
10  D700EF00 F000F400  F500F600 F700F800  *W.o.p.t.u.v.w.x.*
20  E5445532 20202020  2041534D 01000080  *eDU2     ASM....*
30  EC00ED00 EE00FA00  07010B01 0E011301  *l.m.n.z.........*
40  04445532 20202020  20C3CF4D 0000004E  *.DU2     COM...N*
50  F100F200 F3000000  00000000 00000000  *q.r.s...........*
60  E547454E 494E5320  204D4143 02000039  *eGENINS  MAC...9*
70  F9000F01 00000000  00000000 00000000  *y...............*

:Commands for Saving and Restoring Data

     Thå  followinç commandó arå discusseä iî thió sectioî oæ thå �
HELP file:

          <  -- Save Current Block
          >  -- Restore Saved Block
          <B -- Save Current Block at Tail of Queue
          >B -- Load Current Block from Head of Queue
          <G -- Read and Save Group at Tail of Queue
          >G -- Copy Group from Head of Queue and Write
          Q  -- Print Queue Statistics
          QZ -- Zero (Clear) Queue
          QS -- Save Queue as a File
  


                             < and >

     "<¢  saveó  currenô blocë iî aî internaì savå  buffer®   ">¢ �
copieó thå internaì savå buffeò intï thå currenô blocë areá  (buô �
doeó NOÔ writå iô ouô tï disk).

                            <B and >B

     "<B¢ saveó thå currenô blocë ontï thå taiì oæ thå DU² Queue®  �
Thió  Queue¬  á FIFÏ (Firsô In-Firsô Out© datá structure¬  caî bå �
useä tï collecô á numbeò oæ blockó foò lateò copù tï á disë  filå �
oò  expliciô placemenô somewherå oî thå disk®   ">B¢ extractó thå �
blocë aô thå heaä oæ thå DU² Queuå anä placeó iô intï thå workinç �
buffeò area.


                        <G[nn] and >G[nn]

     "<G¢ readó thå currenô grouð anä saveó iô oî taiì oæ thå DU² �
Queue®   Thå  sizå  oæ á grouð ió dependenô oî thå formaô oæ  thå �
disk¬  anä  DU²  automaticallù adjustó tï thå propeò  grouð  sizå �
withouô  yoõ havinç tï worrù abouô whaô iô is®   ">G¢ copieó  thå �
grouð aô thå heaä oæ thå DU² Queuå ontï disk®  Iæ nî ió specifieä �
(aó iî "<Gnn¢ oò ">Gnn")¬  theî thå indicateä grouð ió reaä  froí �
oò  writteî  to®   Iæ  nî ió noô given¬  theî thå grouð  yoõ  arå �
currentlù positioneä tï ió affected.

                        Q, QZ, and QSfile

     Ñ  reportó  thå statuó oæ thå DU²  Queue¬  namelù  ho÷  manù �
blockó  arå storeä iî iô anä ho÷ mucè spacå remains®   QÚ  zeroeó �
(clears© thå DU² Queue®   "QSfilename.typ¢ saveó thå DU² Queuå oî �
disk in the current user area as the indicated file.

     Examples (actual DU2 session):


DU2  B1? g0
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

DU2  B1? d
00  07535444 20202020  204D5347 00000002  *.STD     MSG....*
10  10000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  *................*
20  004C4449 52202020  20432020 00000038  *.LDIR    C  ...8*
30  13001500 00000000  00000000 00000000  *................*
40  0843504D 55472020  20434154 01000046  *.CPMUG   CAT...F*
50  1C001E00 38003D00  41004300 45000000  *....8.=.A.C.E...*
60  00434F4D 4D414E44  204C4252 01000080  *.COMMAND LBR....*
70  14001600 17001800  19001A00 1B001D00  *................*

DU2  B1? <

DU2  B1? ch0-7f e5


DU2  B1? d
00  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  *eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee*
10  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  *eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee*
20  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  *eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee*
30  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  *eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee*
40  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  *eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee*
50  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  *eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee*
60  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  *eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee*
70  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  E5E5E5E5 E5E5E5E5  *eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee*

DU2  B1? >,d
00  07535444 20202020  204D5347 00000002  *.STD     MSG....*
10  10000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  *................*
20  004C4449 52202020  20432020 00000038  *.LDIR    C  ...8*
30  13001500 00000000  00000000 00000000  *................*
40  0843504D 55472020  20434154 01000046  *.CPMUG   CAT...F*
50  1C001E00 38003D00  41004300 45000000  *....8.=.A.C.E...*
60  00434F4D 4D414E44  204C4252 01000080  *.COMMAND LBR....*
70  14001600 17001800  19001A00 1B001D00  *................*


DU2  B1? q
** Queue Status Summary **
0 Blocks in Queue
249 Blocks Left in Queue
Address of Head of Queue: 3E00 Hex
Address of Tail of Queue: 3E00 Hex

DU2  B1? <g
Reading from Group 0000
32 Blocks in Queue
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

DU2  B1? g1
Group = 0001:00, Track = 122, Sector = 33, Physical Sector = 33

DU2  B1? <g
Reading from Group 0001
64 Blocks in Queue
Group = 0001:00, Track = 122, Sector = 33, Physical Sector = 33


DU2  B1? q
** Queue Status Summary **
64 Blocks in Queue
185 Blocks Left in Queue
Address of Head of Queue: 3E00 Hex
Address of Tail of Queue: 5E00 Hex

DU2  B1? qsdir.sys
Queue Saved in File

DU2  B1? qz
** Queue Status Summary **
0 Blocks in Queue
249 Blocks Left in Queue
Address of Head of Queue: 3E00 Hex
Address of Tail of Queue: 3E00 Hex

DU2  B1? g0
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1


DU2  B1? <b
1 Blocks in Queue

DU2  B1? +<b
Group = 0000:01, Track = 122, Sector = 2, Physical Sector = 2
2 Blocks in Queue

DU2  B1? +<b
Group = 0000:02, Track = 122, Sector = 3, Physical Sector = 3
3 Blocks in Queue

DU2  B1? +<b
Group = 0000:03, Track = 122, Sector = 4, Physical Sector = 4
4 Blocks in Queue

DU2  B1? +2<b
Group = 0000:05, Track = 122, Sector = 6, Physical Sector = 6
5 Blocks in Queue

:Commands for Viewing Data

                              V[nn]

     Ö  viewó  thå currenô blocë aó ASCIÉ characters®   Thå  forí �
"Vnn¢  viewó  thå  indicateä numbeò oæ  blockó  startinç  aô  thå �
currenô one.

                           A, D, and H

     Ä  displayó á blocë oò portioî thereoæ iî  botè  hexadecimaì �
notatioî anä aó ASCIÉ characters®   Á displayó á blocë oò portioî �
thereoæ  aó ASCIÉ characters¬  anä È displayó á blocë oò  portioî �
thereoæ  aó  hexadecimaì numbers®   Alì threå commandó  accepô  á �
range¬ sucè aó thå following:

			D0-#7F	is the same as just D
			D3-5
			A20-#3F

     See next section for examples.

:Commands for Altering Data

                            CH and CA

     CÈ  allowó  thå useò tï changå thå contentó oæ  thå  currenô �
blocë bù specifyinç ne÷ valueó aó hexadecimaì numbers®  CÁ allowó �
the same by specifying an ASCII character string.

CHaddr val val val...
     Change Hex data values in block

CAaddr char string...
     Change ASCII data values in block
Š
     NOTÅ thaô <xx¾ maù bå heø imbeddeä iî thå ASCIIº 
          ca0 OK<d><a><1a>

     Use W to write changes to disk.


     Ranges may be specified:

CHaddr-addr byte or CAaddr-addr byte
     Changes a range of bytes to the same value

     Examples (actual DU2 session):

DU2  B7? g0
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

DU2  B7? d
00  07535444 20202020  204D5347 00000002  *.STD     MSG....*
10  10000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  *................*
20  004C4449 52202020  20432020 00000038  *.LDIR    C  ...8*
30  13001500 00000000  00000000 00000000  *................*
40  0843504D 55472020  20434154 01000046  *.CPMUG   CAT...F*
50  1C001E00 38003D00  41004300 45000000  *....8.=.A.C.E...*
60  00434F4D 4D414E44  204C4252 01000080  *.COMMAND LBR....*
70  14001600 17001800  19001A00 1B001D00  *................*


DU2  B7? d0-#f
00  07535444 20202020  204D5347 00000002  *.STD     MSG....*

DU2  B7? h0-#f
00  07535444 20202020  204D5347 00000002  

DU2  B7? a0-#f
00  *.STD     MSG....*

DU2  B7? fdu2.hlp
20  07445532 20202020  20484C50 01000039  *.DU2     HLP...9*
30  28009800 99009B00  9C009D00 00000000  *(...............*
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

DU2  B7? g28
Group = 0028:00, Track = 125, Sector = 273, Physical Sector = 273


DU2  B7? d
00  496E766F 6B696E67  20445532 20616E64  *Invoking DU2 and*
10  20445532 20496E73  74616C6C 6174696F  * DU2 Installatio*
20  6E0D0A44 55322043  6F6D6D61 6E642053  *n..DU2 Command S*
30  756D6D61 72790D0A  436F6D6D 616E6473  *ummary..Commands*
40  20666F72 204C6F67  67696E67 20446973  * for Logging Dis*
50  6B732061 6E642045  78616D69 6E696E67  *ks and Examining*
60  20446973 6B205061  72616D65 74657273  * Disk Parameters*
70  0D0A436F 6D6D616E  64732066 6F722050  *..Commands for P*

DU2  B7? v
Invoking DU2 and DU2 Installation
DU2 Command Summary
Commands for Logging Disks and Examining Disk Parameters
Commands for P
Group = 0028:00, Track = 125, Sector = 273, Physical Sector = 273


DU2  B7? v3
Invoking DU2 and DU2 Installation
DU2 Command Summary
Commands for Logging Disks and Examining Disk Parameters
Commands for Positioning and Reading Data
Commands for Searching for Data
Commands for Saving and Restoring Data
Commands for Viewing data
Commands for Altering Data
Commands for Manipulating Macros and the @ Command
Miscellanea
Examples of command use
Interpret
Group = 0028:02, Track = 125, Sector = 275, Physical Sector = 275


DU2  B7? g28
Group = 0028:00, Track = 125, Sector = 273, Physical Sector = 273

DU2  B7? d
00  496E766F 6B696E67  20445532 20616E64  *Invoking DU2 and*
10  20445532 20496E73  74616C6C 6174696F  * DU2 Installatio*
20  6E0D0A44 55322043  6F6D6D61 6E642053  *n..DU2 Command S*
30  756D6D61 72790D0A  436F6D6D 616E6473  *ummary..Commands*
40  20666F72 204C6F67  67696E67 20446973  * for Logging Dis*
50  6B732061 6E642045  78616D69 6E696E67  *ks and Examining*
60  20446973 6B205061  72616D65 74657273  * Disk Parameters*
70  0D0A436F 6D6D616E  64732066 6F722050  *..Commands for P*


DU2  B7? ch0-10 0

DU2  B7? d
00  00000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  *................*
10  00445532 20496E73  74616C6C 6174696F  *.DU2 Installatio*
20  6E0D0A44 55322043  6F6D6D61 6E642053  *n..DU2 Command S*
30  756D6D61 72790D0A  436F6D6D 616E6473  *ummary..Commands*
40  20666F72 204C6F67  67696E67 20446973  * for Logging Dis*
50  6B732061 6E642045  78616D69 6E696E67  *ks and Examining*
60  20446973 6B205061  72616D65 74657273  * Disk Parameters*
70  0D0A436F 6D6D616E  64732066 6F722050  *..Commands for P*

DU2  B7? ca11 This is a test

DU2  B7? d0-#1f
00  00000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  *................*
10  00546869 73206973  20612074 6573746F  *.This is a testo*

:Commands for Manipulating Macros and the @ Command

                             Macros

     Á  Macrï  ió  á short-hanä yoõ caî uså tï definå  á  commanä �
sequence®   Ratheò  thaî havinç tï typå aî involveä commanä  oveò �
anä oveò again¬  thå DU² macrï facilitù allowó yoõ tï assigî thió �
commanä  sequencå  tï á numbeò (° tï 9© anä theî  executå  iô  bù �
simplù  presentinç  thió  numbeò aó  á  command®   Thå  followinç �
commands are associated with this facility.


                          :ntext and n

     ":n<text>¢ defineó thå texô followinç thå digiô 'n§ tï bå  á �
Macro®   Aó  always¬  ° <½ î <½ 9®   Thå macrï definitionó maù bå �
createä  anä  redefineä aô will®   Iæ á macrï  haó  alreadù  beeî �
defineä  foò thå indicateä number¬  iô wilì bå overwritteî bù thå �
executioî oæ thió command®   "n"¬ wherå ° <½ î <½ 9¬ executeó thå �
indicateä macro.


                           :Pn and :PA

     ":Pn"¬ wherå ° <½ î <½ 9¬ printó thå texô oæ Macrï Numbeò n®  �
":PA¢ printó thå texô oæ alì 1° macros.

                            @ and :P@

     "@¢ executeó thå previouó commanä linå thaô diä noô  contaiî �
thå  "@¢ Command®   Thió provideó aî easù waù tï repeaô thå  lasô �
commanä linå typed®  Foò example:

          g0             <-- go to Group 0
          ch0-7f e5,<    <-- Initialize the first block and Save
          >,w,+          <-- Read in the Saved Block, Write it 
                              out to disk, and advance to next
                              logical block
          @              <-- Do the Previous Command Again
          @              <-- And Again
          @              <-- And Again


     ":P@¢  printó thå previouó commanä linå (anä doeó noô changå �
it).

     Examples (edited DU2 session):

DU2  B7? g0
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

DU2  B7? :1+,d0-#1f

DU2  B7? :p1
Macro Definitions --
1: +,d0-#1f

DU2  B7? 1
Group = 0000:01, Track = 122, Sector = 2, Physical Sector = 2
00  0754414C 4B202020  2053554D 00000049  *.TALK    SUM...I*
10  11002300 24000000  00000000 00000000  *..#.$...........*


DU2  B7? 1
Group = 0000:02, Track = 122, Sector = 3, Physical Sector = 3
00  07444953 4B4F5554  20434F4E 00000000  *.DISKOUT CON....*
10  00000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  *................*

DU2  B7? 1
Group = 0000:03, Track = 122, Sector = 4, Physical Sector = 4
00  04584449 52202020  20C3CF4D 00000054  *.XDIR    COM...T*
10  2C002E00 48000000  00000000 00000000  *,...H...........*

DU2  B7? g0,d0-#1f
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1
00  07535444 20202020  204D5347 00000002  *.STD     MSG....*
10  10000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  *................*

DU2  B7? 1
Group = 0000:01, Track = 122, Sector = 2, Physical Sector = 2
00  0754414C 4B202020  2053554D 00000049  *.TALK    SUM...I*
10  11002300 24000000  00000000 00000000  *..#.$...........*


DU2  B7? :pa
Macro Definitions --
0: 

1: +,d0-#1f

2: 

     < Detail Left Out >

9: 


DU2  B7? g0,d0-#1f,1,1,1
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1
00  07535444 20202020  204D5347 00000002  *.STD     MSG....*
10  10000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  *................*
Group = 0000:01, Track = 122, Sector = 2, Physical Sector = 2
00  0754414C 4B202020  2053554D 00000049  *.TALK    SUM...I*
10  11002300 24000000  00000000 00000000  *..#.$...........*
Group = 0000:02, Track = 122, Sector = 3, Physical Sector = 3
00  07444953 4B4F5554  20434F4E 00000000  *.DISKOUT CON....*
10  00000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  *................*
Group = 0000:03, Track = 122, Sector = 4, Physical Sector = 4
00  04584449 52202020  20C3CF4D 00000054  *.XDIR    COM...T*
10  2C002E00 48000000  00000000 00000000  *,...H...........*


DU2  B7? @

Command --
g0,d0-#1f,+,d0-#1f,+,d0-#1f,+,d0-#1f
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1
00  07535444 20202020  204D5347 00000002  *.STD     MSG....*
10  10000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  *................*
Group = 0000:01, Track = 122, Sector = 2, Physical Sector = 2
00  0754414C 4B202020  2053554D 00000049  *.TALK    SUM...I*
10  11002300 24000000  00000000 00000000  *..#.$...........*
Group = 0000:02, Track = 122, Sector = 3, Physical Sector = 3
00  07444953 4B4F5554  20434F4E 00000000  *.DISKOUT CON....*
10  00000000 00000000  00000000 00000000  *................*
Group = 0000:03, Track = 122, Sector = 4, Physical Sector = 4
00  04584449 52202020  20C3CF4D 00000054  *.XDIR    COM...T*
10  2C002E00 48000000  00000000 00000000  *,...H...........*

:Miscellanea

                                ?

     "?¢  giveó  á commanä summarù anä telló thå  useò  whaô  thå �
currenô  valueó arå foò Processoò Clocë Speeä anä Lineó peò  Pagå �
oî  CONº  aó  welì  aó thå addresó foò thå Grouð  Storagå  Buffeò �
(wherå thå DU² Queuå begins).


                              *[nn]

     "*nn¢  repeató thå currenô commanä linå (aó entereä sï  far© �
nî  times®   Thió  commanä  defaultó tï "forever¢ iæ  nî  ió  noô �
specified® 'nn§ maù bå ² tï 65535.


                                !

     "!¢  haltó processinç oæ commands¬  displayó á  continuatioî �
messagå  tï  thå user¬  anä waitó foò thå useò tï typå  anù  key®  �
Typinç  á Control-Ã abortó commanä processing®   Thió commanä  ió �
usefuì  iî  stoppinç loopó tï givå thå useò aó mucè  timå  aó  hå �
wantó tï revie÷ thå display.


                                P

     "P¢ toggleó thå printeò switcè oî anä off®  Iô allowó yoõ tï �
turî oî anä ofæ á recordinç oæ youò consolå output.


                                X

     "X¢ exiô bacë tï CP/M®  Thå useò ió giveî thå optioî tï Warí �
Boot¬ iî whicè caså thå CCÐ anä BDOÓ arå reloaded¬ oò not.


                              Z[nn]

     "Znn¢ causeó thå prograí tï sleep¬ oò pause¬ anä maù bå useä �
tï looë aô á dumð quicklù iî á loopinç commanä line®  Ú ió ± sec®  �
Znî ió nî secondó oî aî î MHú 8080®   Thå processoò speeä maù  bå �
specifieä bù thå useò undeò GENINÓ foò hió particulaò system.


                               ^C

     "^C" exits to CP/M and Warm Boots.

     Examples (actual DU2 session):


DU2  B7? g0
Group = 0000:00, Track = 122, Sector = 1, Physical Sector = 1

DU2  B7? d0-#f,+,!,*
00  07535444 20202020  204D5347 00000002  *.STD     MSG....*
Group = 0000:01, Track = 122, Sector = 2, Physical Sector = 2

Type Any Character to Continue or ^C to Abort - 
00  0754414C 4B202020  2053554D 00000049  *.TALK    SUM...I*
Group = 0000:02, Track = 122, Sector = 3, Physical Sector = 3

Type Any Character to Continue or ^C to Abort - 
00  07444953 4B4F5554  20434F4E 00000000  *.DISKOUT CON....*
Group = 0000:03, Track = 122, Sector = 4, Physical Sector = 4

Type Any Character to Continue or ^C to Abort - 
00  04584449 52202020  20C3CF4D 00000054  *.XDIR    COM...T*
Group = 0000:04, Track = 122, Sector = 5, Physical Sector = 5

Type Any Character to Continue or ^C to Abort - 

DU2  B7? g1
Group = 0001:00, Track = 122, Sector = 33, Physical Sector = 33

DU2  B7? d0-#f,+,*3
00  E5482020 20202020  2042414B 00000004  *eH       BAK....*
Group = 0001:01, Track = 122, Sector = 34, Physical Sector = 34
00  E5535542 32202020  2042414B 0100007B  *eSUB2    BAK...{*
Group = 0001:02, Track = 122, Sector = 35, Physical Sector = 35
00  E5434420 20202020  204D4143 00000047  *eCD      MAC...G*
Group = 0001:03, Track = 122, Sector = 36, Physical Sector = 36

DU2  B7? ^C
B7>

:Examples

Multiple commands may be separated by ","

     Anù  valiä commanä strinç maù bå placeä aó aî operanä oæ thå �
originaì DU² command¬ i.e.:

	 A>DU2 G0,D,G2,=OK<D><A><1A>,D


     Exampleº  thå  followinç  commandó  wilì eraså  thå  Â  disë �
directorù tï alì E5's:

	lb		log in b drive
	g0		position to dir.
	ch0-7f e5	fill with e5
	<		save the sector
	>,w,+,/16	restore, write, next,
			repeat 16

     This could be shortened to:

	lb,g0,ch0-7f e5,<
	>,w,+,/16


     Using Macros, the following two macros could be defined:

   Macro 0 --
     :0g0,ch0-7f e5,<
   Macro 1 --
     :1>,w,+,/16

     Now¬  foò  thå useò tï initializå thå directorù oî Drivå  Aº �
anä theî oî Drivå B:¬ thå followinç commandó coulä bå issued:

     la,0      <-- Log in A and Initialize first block
     1         <-- Perform write
     lb,0      <-- Log in B and Initialize first block
     1         <-- Perform write
     n,0       <-- Declare New Disk and Initialize first 
                    block
     1         <-- Perform write

:Interpretation of Directory Data Presented by DU2

     Thå followinç explainó thå formaô oæ á CP/Í directorù  entrù �
aó  showî bù DU2¬   usinç eitheò thå Æ (Finä File©  command¬   oò �
jusô  doinç Ä (Dump© oæ thå directorù sectors¬  whicè arå locateä �
iî  groupó ° anä ± oî á singlå densitù disk®   Samplå  resulô  oæ �
"FSID.COM¢ command:

First	    40	00534944 20202020 20434F4D  0000003A  *.SID	COM...:*
line	    ||	|||			 |  ||	  ||	|	  |
	    ||	||^----hex file name-----^  ||	  ||	^file name^
	    ||	||			    ||	  ||	 in ASCII
	    ||	||		     extent-^^	  ||
	    ||	||				  ||
	    ||	||	     file size in sectors-^^
	    ||	||
	    ||	^^-00 = file active
	    ||	   E5 = file erased
	    ^^-displacement of line in directory sector


Second	    50	33343536 3738393A  00000000 00000000  *3456789:........*
line		|				   |
		^---allocation group numbers-------^