TELL YOU KAYPRO TO SUBMIT!

by Lindsay Haisley


There is a program that comes with every CP/M software package, right
along with PIP, ED, STAT, and the others, which has been described as
one of CP/M's best kept secrets.  This program is called SUBMIT.COM, and
proper use of it can save you a lot of time (and the aggravation of
making lots of mistakes) when doing repetitive tasks at the CP/M
operating level.

Let's suppose that you are writing a series of after-Christmas "thank
you" notes to all your relatives in College Station.  All the letters
start out with your address and the date and all end with "Love" and
your name.  Now to save time, you have made up a short file containing
your address and the date and another containing "Love" and your name.
You could, of course, use your word processor's "include file" facility
to call in each of these two short files at the appropriate point in
each letter, however for the sake of this example let's assume that your
word processor doesn't have such a facility, and that you have to do the
job on each letter "by hand".  This makes it a truly stupid (and
fictitious) word processor which we shall call STUPIDWP.COM.  Your
address and date are in a file called ADRSDATE and your closing is in a
file called LOVE.

You are about to write a thank you to your Aunt Mary for the wool
sweater she sent you which you are going to call AUNTMARY.LET.  To do
the job by hand, start by copying ADRSDATE to your letter using PIP.  At
your CP/M command prompt type "PIP AUNTMARY.LET = ADRSDATE <Return>".
When PIP has finished putting the address and date into your letter,
which it has just created, you can use your word processor to write the
text of the letter.  You type "STUPIDWP AUNTMARY.LET <Return>" and your
word processor logs on and reads in your letter which already has your
address and the date in it.  After you have finished the text of your
letter you tell your word processor to save your work and go back to the
CP/M command level.  You then type "PIP AUNTMARY.LET = AUNTMARY.LET,LOVE
<Return>", and PIP obligingly concatenates your closing onto your
letter.  You then want to move your letter onto your B disk, erase it
from your A disk and look at your directory of files on B to see which
relatives you have already written.  You type, in succession, PIP
B:=A:AUNTMARY.LET <Return>", "ERA A:AUNTMARY.LET <Return>" and "DIR B:
<Return>".

Now this is a fair number of CP/M command entries.  Since you will use
almost the same series of CP/M commands for each letter, it is easy to
guess that your computer (which is good at repetitive almost identical
tasks) could be made to automate the process and save you the hassle of
typing all the commands for each letter.  This, indeed, is what
SUBMIT.COM is for.  Before you start typing your letters you will use
your word processor to make up what is called a "submit file".  We will
call this file THANK-U.SUB (submit file names ALWAYS end with SUB), and
it will look like this:

PIP $1.LET = ADRSDATE
STUPIDWP $1.LET
PIP $1.LET = $1.LET,LOVE
PIP B: = A:$1.LET
ERA A:$1.LET
DIR B:

As you can see, this looks ALMOST like the series of commands which you
typed at the keyboard to accomplish the letter writing job by hand.  You
will note right away, however, that poor AUNTMARY has become simply $1.
To let your computer do the CP/M command job automatically, make sure
that SUBMIT.COM is on your A disk and type "SUBMIT THANK-U AUNTMARY
<Return>".  Your computer will load and execute SUBMIT.COM, which will
in turn look for the file THANK-U.SUB.  SUBMIT will then create its own
little work file called $$$.SUB (If STUPIDWP has a directory listing
facility, you can see this filename in the directory while your are
writing your letter) and will execute each line of THANK-U.SUB exactly
as if you had typed it at the keyboard, substituting "AUNTMARY" for
every occurrence of "$1".  The "$1" is called a "formal parameter" and
you may use as many of them as you need ($2, $3 and etc.) in a submit
file as long as each formal parameter is matched by a character or group
of characters on your command line following the name of your submit
file.  After this letter is finished you may type "SUBMIT THANK-U
UNCLJOHN <Return>" and repeat the process for a letter to your uncle.
Slick?  I guess so!!

You can include any command in a submit file which you would normally
enter at your CP/M command prompt.  SUBMIT will not, however, give
commands to a program once that program has taken over control of your
computer from your CP/M command processor.  If this seems like a
disadvantage to you, rest assured that it also gave a pause for thought
to the programmers at Digital Research, and so they created a program
called XSUB.COM to enable you to give commands TO A PROGRAM from a
submit file.  If you include the command "XSUB" in a submit file (or
enter it from your keyboard) XSUB will place a short program in an
out-of-the-way portion of your computer memory, and until your next
keyboard initiated warm boot every program in your submit file which
requires keyboard input will take it's input from your submit file
instead.  Thus, you might have a submit file, lets call it SEE.SUB, to
use DDT (The Dynamic Debugging Tool included with your CP/M software)
which looks like this:

XSUB
DDT $1
D0100
G0
SAVE 10 $1

Typing "SUBMIT SEE FOO.TXT <Return>" at your CP/M command prompt will
first RUN XSUB and then load DDT, which will in turn read FOO.TXT into
memory.  Because XSUB has been run, DDT will get its commands from the
SEE.SUB instead of from your keyboard.  The command D0100 is a DDT
command which will display what is in your computer's memory starting at
memory address 100 (the beginning of FOO.TXT), while the command G0
causes DDT to hand control back to CP/M.  The submit file then tells
CP/M to save ten "pages" as the file FOO.TXT.

Now SUBMIT.COM has one drawback that is difficult to overcome.  If you
change user areas within a submit file by including the command "USER n"
in the file, CP/M will dutifully change user areas; however it will
leave SUBMIT's $$$.SUB work file behind so that when SUBMIT looks for
the next command to execute it finds itself abandoned and throws up its
hands and quits.  Once again, a group of enterprising young programmers
saw a challenge and rose to meet it.  The result was a public domain
program called EX14.COM, which keeps it's command information in memory
instead of in a disk file.  It also combines the functions of SUBMIT and
XSUB which saves disk space and is quite convenient.  EX14.COM has been
around for a few years, and you will find it, along with its DOC file in
most user's group libraries (including the KCA's).

Murphey's law still haunts us, however.  As fine a program as EX14 is,
it has one drawback.  Because it includes the capabilities of XSUB, it
will ALWAYS try feed characters from the current submit file to whatever
program is running every time that program expects keyboard input.
Thus, if we were to try to run our THANK-U.SUB program under EX14, we
would find our word processor reading the lines of our submit file into
our letter instead of waiting for us to type input from the keyboard.
Aunt Mary would be very puzzled indeed!

Very recently a SUBMIT style program has come on the public domain scene
which gives us the option of telling the computer when to pause for
keyboard input and when to get its input from a submit file.  This
program, by Erik Ganz, is called GSUB.COM, and seems to be the Last Word
in using CP/M's submit capabilities.  The KCA library will soon have
this file, and you will find it in the B0 section of the KCA RCP/M,
along with a short DOC file.  If you use submit files at all, I suggest
that you give this one a try.

- Kaypro Club Austin